Complete each of the following questions with 200 Word essays, not citations needed.
1) Think about your favorite sport, hobby, or other personal interest that involves some type of classification and/or scoring (e.g., college football, gardening, Olympic weightlifting, quilting, and baking). Describe elements of your selected hobby that best relate to each of the levels of measurement that we have explored in this unit. You can be creative and use information as you see fit as long as it is appropriate for a given category (e.g., for college football: nominal = school names, ordinal = something to do with standings, ratio = possibly years of college playing experience per player, and interval = game time temperatures).
2)Have you ever participated in surveys or interviews for a research purpose? What was your experience like, and how do you think the information was used for research? If you have not participated, think about a research question or topic that you are interested in and the types of information that you would need to collect in order to answer this question. How would you go about collecting the information; specifically, what types of sampling techniques would you employ?
3) Assume that a person has strong political preferences for a particular political party, and many of her friends possess similar views. If she administered a political survey on her Facebook page, how valid do you think her findings would be? What are your thoughts on using social media for sampling?
4)In this unit, the classical experimental design and alternative approaches were introduced, and each approach’s differing components were discussed at length. Which of these approaches do you think is most sound in terms of guaranteeing the integrity of internal validity? Do you think that your preferred approach would be useful for ensuring internal validity in all particular circumstances? Why, or why not?
5)Reflect on a research question of a public administration topic of your choice. What are the potential areas of ethical misconduct that should be considered for your topic? Alternatively, find a recent story about ethical misconduct (falsifying data, falsifying results, data mismanagement, etc.) by researchers from the private or public sector. What are the implications for this misconduct?
6)Reflect on your future research aspirations that you may have (personal, academic, etc.) or instances where you think that you are most likely to apply the concepts discussed throughout the course. What do you think that most valuable course lessons have been?