Fiber uses light as opposed to a digital electrical signal to accomplish transmission. About the size of a human hair, it is made of either glass or plastic.
Glass cable has greater transmission distances, while plastic is less expensive to purchase. The major advantage of fiber-optics is its immunity to electromagnetic fields (EMF).
This means running fiber next to electrical systems is acceptable, unlike copper based cable. Fiber has the further advantage of being very difficult to intercept, making it suitable for sensitive data transmission. Fiber comes in two basic flavors the single mode (4Km limit) and multi-mode (2Km).
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