Free research paper on Scoliosis:
Scoliosis is a curvature of the sinuous spine in all three planes of space: inclination in the frontal plane rotation of the vertebrae in the horizontal plane and inversion curves in the sagittal plane. This is a non- reducible deformation, unlike the scoliotic posture.
It seems that the scoliosis has various origins: genetic, neurological, biomechanical, environmental, but not postural. Indeed, scoliosis is never the result of negligence or poor posture. It is a disease of its own uniquely linked to the growth of the spine. However, during periods of growth, poor posture can aggravate scoliosis already present (that is a seated position the deform vertebrae the most).
There are three types of scoliosis: congenital (secondary to vertebral malformation), syndromic (secondary to neuromuscular disease, such as neurofibromatosis, Marfan’s disease, an Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) and idiopathic, the most common, without cause found.
It can occur in adulthood due to asymmetric vertebral fractures.
There is a genetic cause but the genes responsible have not been identified.
Between 1-3 % of children have a degree of rotation of the spine, most require no support.
Idiopathic structural scoliosis usually develops after childhood, before puberty and during pubertal growth. It reaches mainly female population (one and a half to two times more than in boys), and usually girls suffer from more severe form of scoliosis than boys do.
Scoliotic curve tends to worsen with time. This degree of progression is variable among individuals but seems to be more important in cases of scoliosis when the initial curvature is already high, or when the patient is not yet mature.
Scoliosis is called “true” (or structural) when a rotation is associated with the lateral deviation. This case concerns a certain proportion of the general population (approximately 4 100 people).
The vast majority of scoliosis from childhood are “idiopathic,” which means that their origin is unknown, unlike scoliosis secondary to neuromuscular abnormality, tumor, trauma or spinal malformation. Idiopathic scoliosis is also to differentiate the scoliosis, or scoliotic posture, which does not include rotation of the vertebral bodies, and which is corrected in supine position. It may also be hereditary. In the population, the majority of scoliosis are mild (less than 20 °). The moderate and severe scoliosis relates fortunately to a small percentage of the population.
The development of scoliosis is maximum during the growth spurt of adolescence and practically stops to adulthood.
The long-term consequences of idiopathic scoliosis are back pain and difficulty breathing when the Cobb angle is great. Nevertheless, the so-called “minor” scoliosis (less than 20 degrees) does not usually cause pain, especially if maintenance and care of the back is present.
Unoperated, idiopathic scoliosis has a variable impact on quality of life, depending on its severity.
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