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- Wikipedia , 2014
Gamma-ray bursts are flashes of gamma rays associated with extremely energetic explosions in distant galaxies. They are the brightest electromagnetic events known to occur in the universe. Bursts can last from ten milliseconds to several minutes.
Cosmological Evolution of Galaxies
by Isaac Shlosman - arXiv , 2012
I review the subject of the cosmological evolution of galaxies, including different aspects of growth in disk galaxies, by focussing on the angular momentum problem, mergers, and their by-products. I discuss the alternative to merger-driven growth.
Large Scale Structure of the Universe
by Alison L. Coil - arXiv , 2012
On large scales the Universe displays coherent structure, with galaxies residing in groups and clusters, which lie at the intersections of long filaments of galaxies. Vast regions of relatively empty space span the volume between these structures.
by Jean-Paul Kneib, Priyamvada Natarajan - arXiv , 2012
Clusters of galaxies are the most recently assembled, massive, bound structures in the Universe. Given their masses, clusters strongly deform space-time in their vicinity. Clusters act as the most powerful gravitational lenses in the Universe.
Photographs of Nebulae and Clusters
by James Edward Keeler - University of California Publications , 1908
The main purpose of this volume is to reproduce and make available for study, the larger and more interesting nebulae and clusters, sixty-eight in number. James Edward Keeler was the director of the Lick observatory 1898 - 1900.
Cosmic Rays in Galactic and Extragalactic Magnetic Fields
by F. Aharonian, A. Bykov, E. Parizot, V. Ptuskin, A. Watson - arXiv , 2011
We review sources of cosmic rays, their composition and spectra as well as their propagation in the galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields, both regular and fluctuating. A special attention is paid to the recent results of the observations.
Gamma-Ray Bursts: Progress, Problems and Prospects
by Bing Zhang, Peter Meszaros - arXiv , 2008
The cosmological gamma-ray burst phenomenon is reviewed. The broad observational facts and empirical relations of the GRB prompt emission and afterglow are outlined. A well-tested fireball shock model is introduced in a pedagogical manner.
by Abraham Loeb - arXiv , 2006
The first dwarf galaxies, which constitute the building blocks of the collapsed objects we find today, had formed hundreds of millions of years after the big bang. This review describes the early growth of their small-amplitude seed fluctuations.
by Regina Schulte-Ladbeck, at al. - Hindawi Publishing , 2010
Dwarf galaxies provide opportunities for drawing inferences about the processes in the early universe by observing our Local Group and its vicinity. This issue is a snapshot of the current state of the art of dwarf-galaxy cosmology.
Understanding Galaxy Formation and Evolution
by V. Avila-Reese - arXiv , 2006
The old dream of integrating into one the study of micro and macrocosmos is now a reality. Cosmology, astrophysics, and particle physics intersect in a scenario of cosmic structure formation and evolution called Lambda Cold Dark Matter model.
Observations of the High Redshift Universe
by Richard S. Ellis - arXiv , 2007
In these lectures aimed for non-specialists, the author reviews progress in understanding how galaxies form and evolve. The first results presented here provide important guidance on how we will use more powerful future facilities.
Inflationary Cosmology and Structure Formation
by J. A. Peacock - arXiv , 1996
Basics of inflationary models for the early universe, concentrating on the generation of density fluctuations from scalar-field dynamics. The subsequent gravitational dynamics of these fluctuations in dark matter in a Friedmann model are described.
Galaxy systems in the optical and infrared
by A. Biviano - arXiv , 2008
This is a review of the properties of galaxy systems as determined from optical and infrared measurements. Covered topics are: clusters identification, global cluster properties and their scaling relations, cluster internal structure, etc.
Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies
by Halton C. Arp - California Institute of Technology , 1966
The Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies is a catalog of peculiar galaxies produced by Halton Arp. A total of 338 galaxies are presented in the atlas, which was originally published in 1966 by the California Institute of Technology.
Lopsided Spiral Galaxies
by Chanda J. Jog, Francoise Combes - arXiv , 2008
The light distribution in the disks of many galaxies is non-axisymmetric or 'lopsided' with a spatial extent larger along one half of a galaxy than the other. In this review, the observations to measure the lopsided distribution will be discussed.