What is the Difference Between AC and DC Motors?
AC and DC motors are fundamentally different in its working and basic layout. Although a contrasting feature does not exist within the two, there are a significant number of differences between them. Among all the difference noted, the most obvious one stands to be the current each of them uses to generate energy. The AC motors make use of the alternating current, and the DC motors utilize direct current. Both of them have their unique factors which make them stand pout over the other. While increased efficiency and output are the highlights of AC motors, output range and speed control are the features for which DC motors are known. The phase configurations are also different in both of them, with AC being available in single or three-phase, whereas DC is always single-phase.
Deeper into AC Motors
Magnetic fields generate the energy, which comes through the coils wrapped around the output shaft. Stator and rotor are the major components of an AC motor. AC motors are a viable solution to the needs of power generation which are met by the durable, efficient, flexible, and quite features of the motor. Several applications of AC motors exist, including the water heater, equipment for lawn and garden, and foodservice pumps. There are two types of AC motors, which include synchronous and induction motors. The rotation rate and the frequency of the supply current are the same in synchronous motors; therefore, the name. These motors consist of a rotor and a stator, thereby making it efficient to be applicable in many areas.
Induction motors are rugged but simple in its structure to be appealing to the users. Wound stator and rotor assembly are the two electrical assemblies that the induction motor consists of. Electromagnetic induction, which is generated by the winding stator, creates the electric current that turns the rotor. They are the most commonly available and used type of motor.
Deeper into DC Motors
A constant voltage is required in DC motors to generate the energy used by a Dc motor. This voltage is created by any power source such as batteries. The components of DC motors include bearings, gears, gearbox, and shafts. The advantage of using DC motors over AC is that they control the torque generated and produce ample amounts, and also offers better speed variation. Electric wheelchairs, off-road equipment, coffee machines, and handheld sprayers are made from DC motors. The two types of DC motors are Brushed and Brushless. The former is one of the oldest motors existing today, and they are internally commutated motors that are powered by a direct current. Speed and direction of the motor are decided by the charge and polarity of the brushes.
In brushless motors, the construction resembles the brushed motor but has specialized circuitry. The high efficiency provided by the motors isgenerated by the magnets that are mounted around the rotor.