This is one in a series of articles about farmers in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed who have implemented Best Management Practices (BMPs), demonstrating that agriculture is half way to achieving the nutrient reductions needed to restore the Chesapeake Bay and its waters. View the rest of the series here.
Dale Powers was one of the first landowners in Virginia to place a permanent riparian easement on his farm. The easement, recorded in 1989, is a legal document that protects the environmental values of the land adjacent to the river that goes through his farm. Powers has a half-mile of river frontage along Middle River--a tributary of the South Fork of the Shenandoah River.
The easement restricts livestock from having access to the river and requires natural areas along the bank.
"I am trying to do my part to clean up this river. When it rains, this river runs like chocolate milk from all the cows upriver, and it stinks,"� said Powers, a retired Marine who has been farming in Swoope since 1968.
Powers voluntarily fenced his cattle out of the river and its flood plain years ago because his cows were trampling the banks and he couldn't keep a fence along the river because of flooding.
"I cannot understand why more farmers don't take advantage of all the programs available to them to get their cows out of the streams,"� he says. "The programs will pay for the fence, watering troughs, and even pay rent on what you fence out."�
When asked why more farmers don't fence their cattle out, he replied, "They don't think they are the problem, but in this watershed they are."�
In fact, according to a 2004 report, 94 percent of the bacteria pollution in Middle River was from domestic livestock.*
"We humans can bring back this river just like we humans brought back the bluebird. When humans are causing the problem like this polluted river, we humans should be willing to fix it.
"I think it's worse now than it was in 1968. All the frogs have disappeared, the bass are gone, even the yellow suckers have disappeared. I think its cattle. There are a lot more cows now then there were in '68."�
*Fecal Bacteria and General Standard Total Maximum Daily Load Development for Impaired Streams in the Middle River and Upper South River Watersheds, Augusta County, VA., MapTech Inc., Blacksburg, VA, April 28th, 2004, Appendix C, pg. C-9.