of August 1, 2003 No. 42
About radiation safety
The purpose of this Law is regulation of the relations connected with ensuring radiation safety, protection of life, health and property of citizens, and also the environment from harmful effects of ionizing radiation.
In this Law the following basic concepts are applied:
natural radiation background - the radiation dose created by the space radiation and radiation of the natural radionuclides which are naturally distributed in the earth, water, air, other elements of the biosphere, foodstuff and human body;
ionizing radiation - the radiation created in case of radioactive decay, nuclear transformations, braking of charged particles in substance which in case of interaction with environment form ions of different signs; source of ionizing radiation - the device and (or) radioactive material which is letting out or capable to emit ionizing radiation;
users of sources of ionizing radiation - the physical persons and legal entities extracting, making, developing, overworking, using, storing, servicing, transporting, neutralizing and burying sources of ionizing radiation;
workers - persons constantly or the works which are temporarily working directly with technogenic sources of ionizing radiation or being under the terms in the field of their impact;
radiation accidents - the loss of management of source of advising radiation caused by defect of the equipment, the wrong actions of workers, natural disasters or other reasons which could give or led to radiation of people above of sanitary standards or to radioactive environmental pollution;
radiation safety of the population - condition of security of these and future generations of people from harmful effects of ionizing radiation and acceptance of complex of the actions limiting radiation and radioactive pollution of personnel, the population and the surrounding environment to the lowest levels;
radioactive materials - the materials containing chemical elements which kernels are capable to spontaneous disintegration;
the sanitary protection zone - the territory around organization or source of ionizing radiation on which the level of radiation of people in the conditions of normal operation of this source can exceed the established sanitary standards of maximum permissible doses of radiation for the population and the mode of restrictions of economic activity is set and radiation control is carried out;
observation zone - the territory outside the sanitary protection zone on which radiation monitoring is carried out;
radiation control - receipt of information on radiation situation in the organization, the environment and about levels of radiation of people;
radiation natural - radiation which is caused by natural sources of radiation;
natural radionuclide - type of atoms with certain number of protons and neutrons in kernel characterized by mass number and atomic number, existing in the natural environment, having capability to let out radioactive beams;
radiation technogenic - radiation from technogenic sources, as in normal, and in an emergency, except for medical radiation of patients;
radiation medical - radiation of patients as a result of physical examination or treatment;
radiation professional - radiation of personnel in the course of its work with technogenic sources of ionizing radiation;
the treatment of radioactive waste - all types of activity connected with collection, transportation, conversion, storage and (or) burial of radioactive waste;
tekhnogenno - the changed radiation background - the natural radiation background changed as a result of activities of the person;
nuclear safety - complex of the actions providing safe handling of nuclear material;
nuclear material - the material containing or capable to reproduce the sharing (split) nuclear substances; sievert (Stars) - unit of equivalent dose of radioactive radiation accepted in the international system (SI);
limiting dose - the size of impact of ionizing radiation used as measure of risk of emergence of the remote effects of radiation of human body and its separate bodies taking into account their radio sensitivity;
radio environmental monitoring - system of special observations of radiation safety of personnel, the population and the surrounding environment;
burial of radioactive waste safe placement of radioactive waste without intention of subsequent their extraction;
the radiation and hygienic passport of the organization - the document characterizing condition of radiation safety in the organization and containing recommendations about its improvement;
the radiation and hygienic passport of the territory - the document characterizing condition of radiation safety of the population, the territory and containing recommendations about its improvement;
deactivation - removal of radioactive pollution from the infected objects.
The basic principles of ensuring radiation safety are:
the principle of reasons prohibition of all types of activity on use of sources of ionizing radiation in case of which the dose received for the person and society does not exceed risk of the possible harm done by radiation, additional to natural radiation background;
the principle of optimization maintenance in safe limits for health of citizens of individual doses of radiation and number of the irradiated persons when using any source of ionizing radiation at perhaps lower level;
the principle of regulation - not exceeding of individual admissible doses of radiation of citizens, safe for their health, from all sources of ionizing radiation;
The principle of protection - the organization of system of radiation protection of personnel, the population and the territory on the basis of obligatory assistance struck, actions for mitigation of consequences of radiation accident and deactivation of the surrounding environment.
In case of radiation accident the system of radiation safety of the population is based on the following principles: expected actions for mitigation of consequences of radiation accident shall bring more benefit, than harm.
Types and the scale of activities for mitigation of consequences of radiation accident shall be realized so that the advantage of decrease in dose of ionizing radiation, except for the harm done by the specified activities was maximum.
The legislation in the field of ensuring radiation safety is based on the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan and consists of this Law, other regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Tajikistan and the international legal acts recognized by the Republic of Tajikistan.
In the field of radiation safety treats powers of state bodies of the power: determination of state policy and its realization;
Disclaimer! This text was translated by AI translator and is not a valid juridical document. No warranty. No claim. More info
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