German physicist who shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1954 with
Max Born for his invention of a new method of detecting subatomic particles
and for other resulting discoveries.
With the astronomer Werner Kolhorster, Bothe again applied this coincidence-counting method in 1929 and found that cosmic rays are not composed exclusively of gamma rays, as was previously believed. In 1930 Bothe discovered an unusual radiation emitted by beryllium when it is bombarded with alpha particles. This radiation was later identified by Sir James Chadwick as the neutron.
During World War II Bothe was one of the leaders of German research
on nuclear energy. He was responsible for the planning and building
of Germany's first cyclotron, which was completed in 1943.
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