|Scientific Name:||Ophrys argolica|
Ophrys ferrum-equinum ssp. argolica (H.Fleischm.) Soó
|Taxonomic Source(s):||WCSP. 2015. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Available at: http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/.|
|Taxonomic Notes:||In some areas in southern Peloponnese, Ophrys argolica forms hybrids with O. spruneri and in the northern parts hybrids with O. oestrifera.|
|Red List Category & Criteria:||Vulnerable B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) ver 3.1|
|Reviewer(s):||Fay, M., Bazos, I. & Bilz, M.|
European regional assessment: Vulnerable (VU)
EU 27 regional assessment: Vulnerable (VU)
Mediterranean regional assessment: Vulnerable (VU)
Ophrys argolica has most of its distribution area in southern Greece. The extent of occurrence is under 20,000 km² and the area of occupancy is estimated to be less than 500 km². The population trend is unknown but the scattered localities host only very small populations. The species is threatened by uncontrolled building work, tourist pressures, human influences and the use of herbicides and pesticides which reduce the pollinators. Therefore, Ophrys argolica is assessed as Vulnerable.
This species is endemic to Greece. It is found on the Peloponnese, Atica (near Athens) and at one site in Kythira Island (Tan and Iatrou 2001). It is found at less than ten localities and the estimated area of occupancy is less than 500 km2 and the extent of occurrence is under 20,000 km2.
Native:Greece (Greece (mainland))
|Range Map:||Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.|
Ophrys argolica is quite local and often rare. The population trend is unknown but the scattered localities host only very small populations (Phitos et al. 1995, Pederson and Faurholdt 2007, Delforge 1995).
|Current Population Trend:||Unknown|
|Habitat and Ecology:|
Ophrys argolica grows in grassland, garrigue and old, pesticide-free olive groves, roadside slopes, coniferous woodlands, meadows, open oak and pine woods. It is mainly found on limestone and grows in calcareous, dry to moist soils, rarely wet in full sunlight to light shade (Tan and Iatrou 2001).
|Use and Trade:||
Many Ophrys spp. are collected for their attractiveness.
Ophrys argolica has most of its distribution area in southern Greece. However, the species in the region is subject to threats such as urbanisation, construction work, residential building, and tourism activities. The use of herbicides and pesticides affects the species indirectly as this leads to a reduction of pollinators (Phitos et al. 1995, Pederson and Faurholdt 2007).
All orchid species are included under Annex B of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The species is listed on Annex IV of the Habitats Directive and under Appendix I of the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern Convention). It is protected (67/81) at national level and listed as Vulnerable in the Greek Red List (Phitos et al. 1995).
|Citation:||Rankou, H. 2011. Ophrys argolica. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T162112A5541120.Downloaded on 29 May 2017.|
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