FIgure 13-28.Variations and locations of raises.
raises in the after-third of the ship but not extending
to the stern are disregarded in determining the
appearance type. Figure 13-28 shows the possible
variations and locations of raises.
Islands are numbered according to their position
from bow to stern. For example, the hull type of a ship
with an island at the bow is raised 1, and an island
amidships is raised 2. A ship with an island at both the
bow and amidships is a raised 1-2; a well between islands
is represented by a dash. The common three-island,
well-deck-type ship is a raised 1-2-3. Two islands may
be combined to form a continuous deck from the bow to
the after end of the superstructure. This is referred to as
a raised 12. A few ships with this configuration also have
a raise aft and is called a raised 12-3. On some ships with
a raise astern, the deck extends into the amidships
section. On these ships, the after raise is considered a
raised 23. When the deck does not extend to the
amidships section, it is a raised 2-3. Then there are ships
that have an enclosed superstructure at the stern of the
ship. The first two-thirds of the deck is flush, and the
main deck is raised. Such ships are raised 3.
Deckhouses are not raised. An island extends the
full width of the ship's hull. Deckhouses are structures
built on deck level but do not extend the full width of
the ship. At times, the distinction between the
deckhouse and the island is difficult to establish.
Figure 13-29 illustrates the differences.
Bulwarks are not considered raises. A bulwark is
the stake of shell plating that is above the weather deck
and is designed to keep the deck dry and guard against
losing deck cargo and personnel overboard. A bulwark
may occasionally be difficult to distinguish from a
raised island. A raise is generally from 2 to 3 meters
high; a bulwark is generally about 1 meter high
Occasionally, a bulwark will be as high as a raise. It is
then almost impossible to distinguish the bulwark
from the raise unless there is an opening in the
bulwark. This opening is a definite indication of a
bulwark. A rail on top a raised section of the hull
usually indicates a raise instead of an bulwark.
Scuppers, or freeing ports, which permit rain and
seawater to run off the deck, indicate a bulwark.
SEQUENCE OF UPRIGHTS
The coding of uprights (cranes, funnels, gantries,
king posts, and masts) is the third step in identifying
merchant ships. The presence of these verticals is
indicated by the letters C, for crane; F, for funnel; H,
for gantry; K, for king post; and M, for mast as they
are located on the ship, starting at the bow. For
example, the upright sequence for a ship with a king
post, followed by a king post in the forward well, a
funnel amidships, and another king post in the after
deck well is coded KKFK, as shown in figure 13-30.
Figure 13-29.Differences between deckhouse and island.
Figure 13-30.Coding of uprights.