Electric Furnace Assignment
The fuel burnt furnaces described in this chapter produce temperature in the range of 1000-1500oC. Although these furnaces have the great utility in the extraction of metals yet these are unsuitable where higher temperatures are needed. One commonly used electric furnace is Heroult’s furnace shown in fig. It consists of a steel shell lined inside with dolomite or magnesite. It is provided with movable water jacketed electrodes suspended from the roof or from the sides. Heat is generated by striking an arc between the electrodes, thereby, a temperature of over 3000oC may be reached. The charge melts and the impurities e.g., Si, Mn, P and S etc. present in the ore combine with the basic lining to form slag, which is free from sulphur or gas bubbles. Steel of very fine quality is prepared by this method. Electric furnaces are largely used where,
(i) Cheap power supply is available. (ii) High temperature are required. (iii) Pure product are required.
As such they find wide applicability in a number of industries such as metallurgy, ceramices plastics chemical and also in the research laboratories. These furnaces are easily operated and involve the problem of the storage of fuel and disposal of fuel waste.
Example 1: Which one of the furnaces among the following can produce the highest temperature
(a) Muffle furnace (b) Blast furnace
(c) Reverberatory furnace (d) Electric furnace
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