Renewable energy Indian Scenario; India is rich in coal and solar energy
Today we will be learning the concept of renewable energy Indian Scenario with a special focus on India’s 2022 goals. India draws a substantial portion of the energy from coal which is nearly 57 per cent, hydroelectric power(HEP) and natural gas. Speaking of Renewable Energy in Indian Scenario, we have Coal which is found in abundance in India is followed by hydroelectric power and natural gas.
Hydroelectric power is an important source of renewable energy and renewable resources which are those resources which are not depleted like Solar, Wind and running water, tides, waves, geothermal energy so on and so forth. All these energies have recently gained importance globally as well in the Indian scenario.
India is among the 11th largest economy and the 4th largest in terms of purchasing power, therefore having huge potentials ahead for renewable energy. For the world scenario if we look at and the potential areas for development globally, India has a good stake of wind energy potentials besides North America, Europe & Australia.
In terms of biomass and Renewable Energy in Indian Scenario, India has a huge substantial contribution as well, maximum potential lies with Eurasia and South American region.
In terms of hydroelectricity also the regions of North America, South America & Russia have good potentials for HEP, however, India also stands as a good potential country here.
In terms of solar energy definitely, India is among the leading ones among all the nations and the International solar alliance which has recently been established, works around the development of solar energy in the tropical belt and that tropical belt covers nearly 121 nations having good sunlight and can use that light effectively as solar energy.
Now, moving on to the Renewable Energy in Indian Scenario we have the maximum production of which nearly 60% comes from coal, the remaining from HEP and natural gas, and remaining from the renewable energy which is 13% mainly of wind, biomass and solar as the main components. Now at present, we have the installed capacities of 263 gigawatts of which we have renewable energy which is charged only at 34 gigawatts.
Our aim now is to increase these 34 gigawatts to 175 gigawatts nearly by 2022 and the government is planning to work forward to it. To achieve this goal the ministry of non-conventional energy resources the MNEs has launched one of the world’s largest ambitious programs for renewable energy development. It talks about power with nearly 3700 megawatts renewable energy resources and also the rural electrification by 2012 for 1 lakh villages. Most of these villages would be electrified using solar panels.
As we know that coal is mainly confined to the central & northeast India so, the remaining regions have huge potentials for the kind of convention and the non-conventional renewable sources of energy.
The hydroelectric power is the energy that comes from water, most of the water account from the Ganga-Brahmaputra region, comprising the northeast region and the central region along with the area of the west coast. All of these areas are areas of heavy rainfall where you can develop hydroelectric power.
In India, there are about 4095 cities that have been identified for small HEP projects and these small projects account for the production of fewer than 25 megawatts leading to supply of electricity to nearby villages and the community. Globally, if we see the listing countries with highest electricity generation from HEP is China, Brazil, Canada, and the USA.
Now coming to solar energy, between the tropic of cancer and equator where we have the primary location of India, the temperature ranges from 25 degrees to 27 degrees on an average. We have the highest countrywide solar input that is being generated, with Germany that’s nearly 38.2 and India standing at 3.3.
The major initiatives we have considered are photovoltaic cells as they have low energy and they do not have many moving parts so they do not require frequent maintenance. The next major initiative is the mirrors and the parabolic dishes, concentrating the solar energy towards the centre and produce more heating as a parabolic solar cooker.
The installed capacity for this initiative is 3744 megawatts wherein the highest capacity lies with Gujarat, Rajasthan & Madhya Pradesh. In terms of installed capacity globally we have highest with Germany, China, and Italy.