soda contain caffeine and phosphoric acid, which can adversely affect bone mineral density (BMD). In several studies, intake of carbonated beverages has been associated with reduced bone mass, decreased calcium level in the blood, and increased fracture
BMD is reduced in osteoporosis
, which is also is diagnosed by the measurement of BMD. In osteoporosis there is a reduction in the protein and mineral matrix of the bone, with an increase in the risk of fracture. Osteoporosis can be prevented with nutritional and lifestyle changes.