Factors and multiples are two unique things. However, they have one thing in common, which is multiplication. We multiply two factors to get multiples.
For example: 2 * 6 = 12. Here 2 and 6 are factors, and 12 is called the multiple of 6.
Factors and multiples are useful for finding out the Highest Common Factor (HCF) and Least Common Multiple (LCM). A divisibility rule is a set of rules to quickly find out whether one whole number is divisible by another. It is beneficial to find factors of large numbers. You do not have to perform the actual division. Just by looking at the digits in one’s, ten’s or hundred’s place, it is possible to find out if one number is divisible by the other number.