Presentation on theme: "Chapter 3 Kansas as a Crossroads"— Presentation transcript:
1Chapter 3 Kansas as a Crossroads Invasion and Encounters
2Francisco Vasquez de Coronado SpanishCame on horsebackWore metal helmets and chain mailWealthy but wanted moreHeard story about 7 cities of goldLead him beyond New Mexico found no gold
3Quivira Indian slave told Coronado the stories of Quivira Wealthy city were common citizens ate on silver plates and were served from bowls of goldCame to Kansas in search of it with 40 menEncountered the Wichita where the only metal he found was a copper necklace worn by the ChiefReturned to Mexico disappointedLost his job in Spanish governmentPut on trial for mistreatment of Native peoples (guilty)
4French Exploration of Kansas French Explorers100 yrs after Coronado visited the WichitaCame from CanadaLouis Jolliet placed the names “Kansas” and “Missouri” on the map for the 1st timeNever explored KansasFrench came to persuade Indians who lived here to form trade relationships with the French not Spanish
5Claude Charles Du Tisne Sent to contact ComancheComanche were very powerfulHad horses which help control the painsStole horses and mules to trade back to SpanishCaptured those from other tribes to sell as slavesFailed to make contact with the ComancheDid contact Osage and the PawneeTraded guns and ammo for info.Alarmed Spanish because neither wanted the other to have control of Kansas
6Etienne Veniard de Bourgmont 4yrs after Du TisneSent to establish control of Kansas by relationship with Kansa and the Plains ApacheGot the Plains Apache to agree to peace with other tribesEventual the agreements fizzled because the French ran out of what the Indians wanted
7Trading KansasEuropeans came and claimed Kansas as their own telling the tribes to swear allegiance to the monarchy or royal familySpain and France Traded Kansas back and forth with out consulting NativesViolation of sovereign rights- authority based on the power of government
8Trading Kansas Cont. Ruled from afar SpanishFrenchRuled from afarWere not allowed to trade guns and ammunitionLived among the nativesOften married nativesWere allowed to trade guns and ammunition
9Trading Kansas Cont. Europeans brought extra tension Natives stole from each otherSold each other into slaveryBrought Diseases with themSmallpoxMeaslesWhooping coughInfluenzaEntire villages dried up because of these diseases
10Meriwether Lewis and William Clark Kansas was part of Louisiana Purchase“The object of your mission is to explore the Missouri River…and other river[s which] may offer the most direct…water connection across the continent”Establish relationship with Indians and record info about environment.Traveled mostly by boat
11Zebulon Pike 1st to travel the plains by land Objectives Return 50 OsagePeace between Osage and KansaRelationship with Comanche with help of PawneeObserve plants and animalsSpain was not happy about this
12Zebulon Pike: A DesertUnprepared for winter Pike was captured by Spain near the foot of the Rocky Mnts.Held for several monthsDocuments were takenJournal was not foundDescribed Kansas as a desert (p.52-53)Made people wonder if Kansas could be cultivated
13Stephen H. Long Objective Traveled by steamboat Map the southwestern portion of the plainsTraveled by steamboatNever actually made it to Kansas because of mud.Some of his men were sent to KSHe went on to Nebraska
14Stephen H. Long Cont.1st to publish a U.S. atlas with state and territorial mapsLabeled KS the “Great Desert”“almost wholly unfit for cultivation, and of course uninhabitable by people depending on agriculture for their subsistence.”Influence U.S. settlement policy for years
21Thirst for LandWestward expansion was encouraged for fear of European invasionIndian Removal ActMoved Indian Tribes in the East west of the Mississippi.Pres. Jackson felt Indians stood in the way of progress
22Indian Relocation to Kansas Even before the Removal Act, Kansas was considered a home for Indians from the east.Some Americans like Isaac McCoy did fight for the IndiansWorried American influence would bring about the end of the Indian way of lifeWanted to create an Indian state were Indians would assimilate and convert to Christianity
23Emigrant Indian Experience Assigned to reservationsRelocation was difficult because every tribe was different.HuntersFarmersTradersA few even assimilated before removalAll were forced to leave some by military forceBecause Kansas was unfamiliar many Native Americans did not survive in it.
24MissionariesDuring Indian relocation only non-Indians in KS worked for the government or traveled with the tribeMissionariesTradersIndian agents
29Missionaries Cont. Set up schools Convert Indians Teach vocational skillsMixed reactions from Indians and publicBuilt by on reservation landUsually supported by government funds negotiated in a treatyChildren often boarded at the schoolMay goal was to Americanize the Indian child
30Santa Fe Trail William Bucknell Trader from Missouri Out of money and looking to avoid jail time for debts decided to haul goods from Kansas City to Santa Fe.Found a route that allowed for wagons not just pack mules
31Santa Fe Trail cont. Important International trade route William WalkerWyandotte ChiefRented warehouses in Independence, Missouri to store traded goodsHiram YoungFormer slave, bought his own freedomBecame wealthy by building wagonsSanta Fe Trail was a money maker for manyOne woman gave Becknell a $60 and received $900 back.
32Oregon-California Trail Purpose was to move people not goodsTook emigrants 4-6 months to make the trip from Western Missouri to the West CoastOnly other way west was by sea around South America which took 1 yr.2,000 mile journey most of which had to be walkedUsed 4X10 box wagons. All supplies had to fit in the wagonFood suppliesFourSugarSaltCoffeeBaconNeeded over 1,000 pounds of food for the trip and may people over packed there wagons and had to leave personal belongings on the side of the road.
33Supply and Demand Supply Demand More supply = lower pricesScarce supply = higher pricesDemandHigh Demand= higher pricesLow Demand= lower pricesFarther traveled on the trail the higher prices were because supply was low and demand was high on many products.
34American Indians and Emigrants on the Trails More cases of cooperation between Native Americans and settlers than of attacks particularly in the early years of the trailSanta Fe trail in KansasPassed through the homelands and hunting grounds of many tribes
35American Indians and Emigrants on the Trails Cont. Once traffic on trail began to disrupt Indian lives attacks began and Mexican and American military groups were sent to protect the wagonsOregon-CaliforniaTrailMost encounters were also peacefulSettlers would trade with Indians specifically in the case of shoes settlers could purchase moccasins form indian.Also stories of Indians helping to pull out stuck wagons and rounding up loose cattle for the settlers
36Manifest DestinyBelief that the United States should span from the Atlantic to Pacific oceans.Land = potential wealthPeople desired to take freedom west, to acquire land, and to expand.In the first half of the 1800’s 4 million people followed this dream and moved west.