The SETI Institute has released new information about the Camelopardalid meteor shower. Remember the Camelopardalids? It was the predicted meteor shower last May – the result of a close passage of Comet 209P/LINEAR – that astronomers predicted would be spectacular … except it wasn’t. Now these same astronomers are saying that, although the weak display of Camelopardalids disappointed backyard observers, this never-before-seen shower has them “excited.” Sigh.
Okay, here’s what they say. Peter Jenniskens, a meteor astronomer with the SETI Institute, together with colleague Esko Lyytinen, first predicted 10 years ago that a new shower would appear on May 24, 2014. As we observers know, the shower did materialize, but it was not spectacular. Now they say that an analysis of airborne and ground-based observations published in the latest issue of the Journal of the International Meteor Organization finds that dust from Comet 209P/LINEAR was unusually fragile, and had fallen apart into undersized meteors that were largely invisible. Jenniskens said:
Some mechanism was at work that efficiently fragmented the larger meteoroids.
On the night of May 23-24, 2014 – the night predicted for the shower’s peak – Jenniskens said his research team tried to observe the shower from the air, in a Beechcraft King Air 90 aircraft. In a little over two hours, they said, they detected 21 Camelopardalids, predominantly faint meteors. That’s a wimpy meteor shower in anybody’s book, but especially after the big build-up about this shower in early 2014. Jenniskens said:
Our best meteor was no more luminous than the star Vega, but it gave us a clue as to why there were few bright ones. It was so fragile that the meteoroid suddenly dispersed into a cloud of dust at the end of its trajectory.
We are not sure yet what destroyed the larger meteoroids in this case.
The meteoroids may have simply been too frail to survive ejection, or the larger meteoroids could have been lost in the many years since they were ejected.
They say one explanation for the lack of large meteoroids is that they failed to survive the harsh conditions of space. The cometary dust encountered by Earth during May was more than a century old. Jenniskens said:
We may have been just a few centuries late in catching a good show. The shower we saw was just a faint memory of what once was there.
Now we know. Personally, I intend to forget the Camelopardalids and go back to thinking about two more reliable showers – the Perseids and Delta Aquarids – gearing up now for a possible nice display over the coming weeks, starting around this weekend.
Bottom line: The Camelopardalid meteors – which were supposed to give us a spectacular shower on the night of May 23-24, 2014 – might have been too fragile to do so, scientists say.
Deborah Byrd created the EarthSky radio series in 1991 and founded EarthSky.org in 1994. Today, she serves as Editor-in-Chief of this website. She has won a galaxy of awards from the broadcasting and science communities, including having an asteroid named 3505 Byrd in her honor. A science communicator and educator since 1976, Byrd believes in science as a force for good in the world and a vital tool for the 21st century. "Being an EarthSky editor is like hosting a big global party for cool nature-lovers," she says.