and pine forests in the region.The region's fauna consists of up to 340
In order to conserve the national natural property and fauna and flora,
there have been established 132 hunting areas, 42 nature sanctuaries, 5
parks-monuments of garden and park art. Of national importance are
Chervonokutskyy Dendropark (area, 13.6 hectares), Sharovskyy Park (area,
39.3 hectares), Natalivskyy Park (area, 48 hectares), Botanical Park
with the Kharkiv University (area, 41.9 hectares) and other. The nature
reserves of 189 reserve objects cover 37,000 hectares.
One of the largest river of Ukraine – the Siverskyy Donets River – flows
across the territory of the Oblast (373 kilometres long within the
region), Dnieper-Donbas Canal and Siverskyy Donets-Donbas Canal have
The Siverskyy Donets River revives three the largest reservoirs:
Pechenizke Reservoir (383,000,000 cubic metres), Krasnopavlivske
Reservoir (410,000,000 cubic metres), Chervonooskolske Reservoir
(445,000,000 cubic metres).
Natural gas (reserves: 31.1 billion cubic metres), oil (estimated
reserves: 8 million MT), lignite and hard coal deposits, cement raw
materials. Fuel and power resources are represented by 41 combustible
gas reservoirs among which the most notable are Shebelinkske,
Krestyshchenske, and Kegychivske gas pools (the half of gas recovery in
Deposit origin building materials (sand, clay, chalk, limestone)
predominate in the region. Of a large importance are Novoselivske
high-purity glass-melting sand deposit, Yefremivske salt deposit.
Brick-tile-loam and clay, including ceramics ones, chalk occur
throughout the territory.
Structure of Natural Resources of the Kharkiv Oblast
- land resources – 54.7%;
- recreational – 15.0%;
- mineral – 15.0%;
- water – 11.0%;
- forest and fauna – 4.3%.
The natural-resource potential of the Kharkiv oblast makes up 4.2% of
the gross Ukrainian natural-resource potential.
PEOPLE AND SOCIETY
Population: 2,910,000. The largest city, the capital of the oblast –
Kharkiv (1,470,000) – is the second-largest city in Ukraine, the
seventeenth-largest city in Europe. Other major cities include Lozova
(63 000), Kupyansk, Izyum (56 000).
Ukrainians account for 62.8 per cent (1,880,000), Russians account for
33.2 per cent (990,000), other ethnic groups make up 4 per cent
Pre-school education: 758 children pre-school establishments.
Secondary and special secondary education: 989 secondary schools, 53
professional-technical educational establishments.
Higher education: 69 state higher educational establishments (HEE), 12
The education system of the region completely satisfies the latter's
needs for engineering-technical, teaching, and medical specialists,
lawyers and cultural workers; moreover, it trains a significant number
of specialists for other regions of Ukraine.
The Kharkiv region is the hub of culture of Slobozhanshchyna. There are
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