Bloembergen's early research on nuclear magnetic resonance led him
to an interest in masers. He designed a three-stage crystal maser that
was dramatically more powerful than earlier gaseous masers and that
has become the most widely used microwave amplifier. Bloembergen then
developed laser spectroscopy, which allows high-precision observations
of atomic structure. His laser spectroscopic investigations led him
in turn to formulate nonlinear optics, a new theoretical approach to
the analysis of how electromagnetic radiation interacts with matter.
Bloembergen's research in nonlinear optics helped procure him a share
of the Nobel Prize.
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