Hernia is called any viscera which emerge from its normal anatomical position (cavity) through a congenital or acquired opening. The inguinal hernia is formed in the inguinal region. The abdominal muscle is missing or broken apart and only the abdominal wall forms resistance to the abdominal pressure. In about 25% of cases, the inguinal hernia is bilateral. The significantly enlarged inguinal hernia may also be spread into the scrotum. The inguinal hernia is more common in women. Inguinal hernia may also be congenital.
When the hernia is formed, the patient feels a painful, burning, lashing, tensioning or pressing pain in the area of the hernia opening, at the same time, but often later, a smaller or larger pretension appears. Its size can vary with movement, lifting or larger inguinal pressure; at bedtime it will diminish or disappear. The patient's complaint and the size of the hernia do not always match: often large hernia do not cause a major complaint, sometimes small hernia can cause considerable pain.
Hernia exclusion can be accompanied by severe abdominal pain, convulsions, bowel obstruction, and acute abdominal catastrophe. If no surgery is performed on time, the excluded hernia may die, and a life-threatening condition will develop.
The surgery does not require special preparation. If there is an inflammatory skin disease or fungal infection in the surgical area, then the intervention will be performed after proper treatment. Bladder catheter may need to be inserted prior to surgery, especially in case of both sides hernia.
All abdominal and inguinal cavities reconstruction can be done in two ways:
By closing the hernia opening with stitches or covering the shortage. Replacement is a strain-free technique, compared to surgery with more or less stretchy seams. In the hernia surgery, the basic rule is the avoidance of stretching seams, because of the frequent recurrence of hernia (30%). Therefore, only the smaller and thus relatively tightly lockable hernia can be reconstructed.
Today, the most up-to-date method of surgical solution for the hernia surgical treatment is the netting. The scope of the net is to initiate the formation of a flexible scar tissue that strengthens the abdominal wall. For this reason, it is necessary to strive to perform a mesh hernia surgery over 18 years of age. In the case of inflamed or excluded hernia, however, this procedure should be avoided.
In certain cases, the abdominal wall may be reconstructed by laparoscopic surgery, too. In this case in the abdominal cavity, optics and instruments are passed through work channels of 6 to 12 mm. After preparation of the hernia opening and its surrounding area, we set a tailor-made mesh on the abdominal wall which is covered with a peritoneum. Thus, not remain foreign matter in the abdomen. This surgery is a laparoscopic imitation of open mesh implantation. The procedure is based on reasonable technique: combines the very favorable long-term results of net inserting with the benefits of minimally invasive technology.
Generally speaking, the choice of the surgical type (conventional or tension-free, and within which procedure) is the task of the surgeon, who, in the knowledge of his / her own experience, practice, knowledge of the patient and the technical conditions performs the surgical intervention.