The bones of the toes are called the phalanges. The phalanges are jointed to the 5 metatarsal bones. Behind the metatarsal bones are a series of smaller bones known as the tarsal bones. The heel bone is called the calcaneus, which is connected to the talus bone (the largest bone of the ankle). Tendons connect the muscles that act on the various bones of the toes and feet to help you stand and walk.