Principle 31. Porous materials
Example : Microwave steamer
Example : Ceramic or brick absorbent coaster
1. Make an object porous or add porous elements (inserts, coatings, etc.).
2. If an object is already porous, use the pores to introduce a useful substance or function.
Principle 32. Color changes
Example : Transparent pot
Example : 7 days Pill Medicines Box: easy to identify with color
1. Change the color of an object or its external environment.
2. Change the transparency of an object or its external environment.
Principle 33. Homogeneity
Example : Packaging candy with edible glutinous rice paper
1. Make objects interacting with a given object of the same material
– Make the container out of the same material as the contents, to reduce chemical reactions.
Principle 34. Discarding and recovering
Example : Pencil lead refills
1. Make portions of an object that have fulfilled their functions go away (discard by dissolving, evaporating, etc.) or modify these directly during operation.
2. Conversely, restore consumable parts of an object directly in operation.
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Principle 35. Parameter changes
(Change the three-state, temperature, pressure, length, volume)
Example : Hairpin
Example : Dry ice
1. Change an object’s physical state (e.g. to a gas, liquid, or solid).
2. Change the concentration or consistency.
3. Change the degree of flexibility.
4. Change the temperature.
Principle 36. Phase transitions (Make a difference)
Example : Fragrant candles
Example : Liquid gas:
atmospheric pressure is the gas, when the pressure into the steel bucket, it becomes liquid
1. Use phenomena occurring during phase transitions.
2. Such as volume change, endothermic or exothermic
Principle 37. Thermal expansion
Example :Step on flat ping pong ball and than use hot water to restore
1. Use thermal expansion (or contraction) of materials.
2. If thermal expansion is being used, use multiple materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion.
Principle 38. Strong oxidants
Example : Missile (rocket) jet fuel
Example : Ozone anion air cleaner
1. Replace common air with oxygen-enriched air.
2. Replace enriched air with pure oxygen.
3. Expose air or oxygen to ionizing radiation.
4. Use ionized oxygen.
5. Replace ionized oxygen with ozone.
Principle 39. Inert atmosphere
Example : vacuum food packaging
Example : Anti-slip gloves are made of non-slip plastic particles
1. Replace a normal environment with an inert one.
2. Add neutral parts, or inert additives to an object.
3.Use a vacuum environment.
Principle 40. Composite materials
Example : Fire coat
Example : airplane
Change from uniform to composite materials.