28. Minor blows to the head never lead to long-term brain injury.
29. Toe touches can compress discs and possibly cause them to rupture.
30. What is a burner (or stinger)?
a. neck muscle strain
b. pinched brachial artery
c. stretching or pinching of the brachial plexus nerve group
d. cervical sprain
e. cervical contusion
31. If an athlete shows signs and symptoms of a mild concussion, you should
a. immediately call for emergency medical assistance
b. assign someone to monitor the athlete for worsening signs and symptoms of a head injury
c. notify the parents and ask them to monitor the athlete and take her to a physician
d. wait 20 minutes to see if signs and symptoms worsen; if they don’t, the athlete can return to play
e. b and c
32. An athlete has a possible spine injury. You have called for emergency medical assistance. What is your next step?
a. Remove the athlete’s helmet or head gear, if worn.
b. Monitor and treat for shock if needed.
c. Search for and control any profuse bleeding.
d. Check the athlete’s reflexes.
e. Monitor breathing and provide CPR if needed.
33. Which of the following is a sign or symptom of advanced-stage ruptured spleen?
a. bloody or cloudy urine
b. midback tenderness
c. pain in the left shoulder or the neck
d. rigid back muscles
e. all of the above
34. Which illness or condition can increase an athlete’s risk of suffering a spleen injury?
b. high blood pressure
35. A football player suffers a blow to the side of the midback. He has pain in his lower abdominal area and is urinating a lot. You should send for emergency medical assistance.
36. Creatine use by adolescents has been shown to have positive long-term effects.