This volume is based on papers presented at "The Norway/United Nations (UN) Conference on Alien Species" which was hosted by the Norwegian Ministry of the Environment in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), the International Conservation Union (lDCN) and the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU). The organisation and sponsoring of the conference was also a joint venture between the Norwegian Ministry of Environment, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Fisheries and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The Conference was held at Royal Garden Hotel, Trondheim, Norway, 1-5 July 1996. This was the second Trondheim Conference on Biodiversity, the first being the NorwaylUNEP Expert Conference on Biodiversity, 24-28 May 1993. The conference was organised by the Norwegian Directorate of Nature Management, the Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) and the Norwegian University for Science and Technology (NTNU) and its Centre for Environment and Development (SMU), all based in Trondheim. These institutions are all active in the fields of management, education and research related to biological diversity. Weare extremely grateful for the support we have received from all these national and international institutions.
Contributors. Preface; P.J. Schei. 1. Introduction: the many aspects of the invasive alien species problem; O.T. Sandlund, P.J. Schei, A. Viken. Part 1: Human dimensions. 2. The great reshuffling: how alien species help feed the global economy; J.A. McNeely. 3. Species invasions and the displacement of biological and cultural diversity; V. Shiva. 4. Nile perch in Lake Victoria: the balance between benefits and negative impacts of aliens; R. Ogutu-Ohwayo. 5. An alliance of biodiversity, agriculture, health and business interests for improved alien species management in Hawaii; A. Holt. Part 2: Ecology of introductions. 6. Invasive plant species and invasible ecosystems; M. Rejmánek. 7. Lag times in population explosions of invasive species: causes and implications; J.A. Crooks, M.E. Soulé. 8. Modelling of the impact of biological invasions; R. Hengeveld. 9. Biological invasions and global change; H.A. Mooney, A. Hofgaard. 10.Introductions at the level of genes and populations; K. Hindar. 11. Alien species and emerging infectious diseases: past lessons and future implications; R.T. Bryan. 12. Effects of invading species on freshwater and estuarine ecosystems; P.B. Moyle. Part 3: International pathways. 13. The scale and ecological consequences of biological invasions in the World's oceans; J.T. Carlton. 14. The Red Sea-Mediterranean link: unwanted effects of canals; C.F. Boudouresque. 15. Trade and exotic species introductions; P. Jenkins. 16. Commercial forestry and agroforestryas sources of invasive alien trees and shrubs; D.M. Richardson. 17. Consequences of spreading of pathogens and genes through an increasing trade in foods; E. Skjerve, Y. Wasteson. Part 4: Management tools. 18. Legal authorities for controlling alien species: a survey of tools and their effectiveness; M.J. Bean. 19. Strategies for preventing the world movement of invasive plants. A United States perspective; R. Westbrooks, R.E. Eplee. 20. Managing insect invasions by watching other countries; M.J. Samways. 21. Biological pest control and invasives; G. Oduor. Part 5: Country case studies. 22. Invasive species in Mauritius: examining the past and charting the future; W. Strahm. 23. Biodiversity conservation and the management of invasive animals in New Zealand; M.N. Clout. 24. South Africa's experience regarding alien species: impacts and controls; B.J. Huntley. 25. Managing alien species: the Australian experience; R.P. Pech. Part 6: Where do we go from here? 26. International instruments, processes, organizations and non-indigenous species introductions: is a protocol to the convention on biological diversity necessary? L. Glowka, C. de Klemm. 27. A Global Strategy for dealing with alien invasive species; H.A. Mooney. Index.