The winter wren practices 'vertical migration' by overwintering in the lower elevations and then migrating a few thousand feet to breed each spring.
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I think of it as the "Peninsula Effect." That's a term I coined in reference to the extension of the Appalachians into the southeastern portion of North America, which brings with it, in the higher elevations, numerous plants and animals that would otherwise neither breed nor reside this far south.
By "higher elevations," I mean above about 4,000 feet, where the dominant elevational zones are spruce fir and northern hardwood forests. These zones are similar in composition to forest systems found at lower elevations farther north into New England and eastern Canada.
Western North Carolina ...