1. Positive waterproofing
Where the layer of insulation is implemented to prevent leakage of water from entering the structural element, so this element remains intact, preserving its ability to work that was originally designed to do and examples of that.
A-: Putting the insulation layer on the roof from the outside, to prevent rain water from entering it. It is considered a positive insulation, because we implement the insulation layer to prevent the leaking water from entering the structural element - the roof in this case.
B - Putting the insulation layer on a water tank from the inside, to prevent water from entering the concrete formed by the tank: It is a positive isolation because this layer of insulation prevents the leaking water from entering the structural element, keeping it healthy and safe
2. Negative waterproofing
We resort to passive insulation when the leaked water has entered the structural element, and it has been saturated with it and may be destroyed. The negative insulation function lies in preventing this water from leaving the other end of the structural element, to protect the layer that covers it (cement, paint, and possibly other elements) from the negative impact of these Water, examples: -
شركة عزل اسطح بالدمام
A- The state of basements (basement) in areas where there is groundwater, or sweet and salty water extensions: where the water enters the walls, which are not insulated positively from the outside, and after they are saturated with walls they try to get out of them into the basement. In this case, the wall must be insulated negatively from the inside.
The case of insulating the roof from the inside, when it cannot be positively isolated from the outside. Also, the water has entered the structural element (the roof), and the roof concrete is saturated with it, but we do not want it to come out of it, and cause damage to the cement and paint layers that cover the concrete from below.
Types of waterproofing materials - Types of moisture-insulating layers
a. Flexible insulation materials:
1. Metal panels.
3- Water insulating liquid.
4. Polyethylene tarpaulin:
B- Semi-flexible insulation materials:
2. Asphalt coil.
3. Cut small asphalt chips.
شركة عزل اسطح بالخبر
C. Rigid insulating materials:
1. Insulating cement white.
2. Additives for water insulation.
3. Slate boards:
4. Small asbestos sheets.
5. Plates and a small wooden rinse.
6. Asbestos cement boards.
7. Glazed brick.
First: Flexible insulation materials
1. Metal panels:
Water insulation is carried out using metal plates, which have different shapes, which include copper plates, aluminum panels, lead plates, galvanized iron sheets and stainless steel plates. These panels are used because they are a good moisture insulator that is used to insulate floors, walls, ceilings and water-exposed boxes such as flower boxes .
And the metal plates are cheap because of the other types of moisture insulating materials, but they are flawed because they are exposed to rust, so they are coated with rust-resistant materials, and of course, galvanized iron plates and stainless steel plates do not need rust.
Bitumen is a liquid that is easily straightened after melting and covers all cracks, flat and winding surfaces, and bitumen is a very good material in isolating moisture, and its usefulness extends to it preventing insects and pests from forming on surfaces that are coated with it.
Bitumen is made from the remainder of the distillation of crude oil and its color is between black and brown and it is not soluble in water. Its strength ranges between hardness and semi-hardness.
Because bitumen is one of the best waterproofing materials, dear reader must show you some types of bitumen that are frequently used in construction sites:
a. Bitumen Ali Al-Bared
B. Hot bitumen
C. The two perpetrators
شركة عزل فوم بالخبر
a. Bitumen on the cold (usually ordinary bitumen)
Cold bitumen comes in drums and is used after cleaning the surface to give an initial layer to fill voids, cracks and pores. Cold bitumen is also used to help the membrane "insulation coils" to adhere well to the concrete surface.
This type of bitumen does not bond easily to the concrete surface.
When a regular bitumen is used to give a layer of paint that helps stick the membrane, it is called a primer layer before isolation.
B. Hot bitumen (often composed of a normal bitumen ratio and an oxidized bitumen ratio)
This type of bitumen is oxidized from it and is in a dessert and the regular bitumen is in barrels and mixed with a ratio of 2 normal: 1 oxidized, and for the science, the oxidized bitumen is coherent on the concrete surface and gives a strong insulation layer against the water and is fossil and difficult to separate from the concrete surface and not just a layer of black color as the type the previous.
And because the oxidized bitumen is expensive, some unscrupulous contractors cheat, and to make sure that the barrel has a layer of oxidizer and not just a face, we must insert an iron skewer into the barrel and knock on it with the hammer because the bitumen in the barrel will be petrified, if the iron skewer easily entered for a distance of only 5 cm This means that there is a theft and fraud, but if the trafficked layer extends further than that, then this means that the barrel has a bitumen oxidized and that things are good and there is no theft.
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