INTRODUCTION OF DANCING LIGHT USING
Hello viewers, in this tutorial we will learn about how to make a Dancing Light using transistors.
DANCING LIGHT can also be called as LIGHT CHASER CIRCUIT. It is just for a fun circuit or can be used as a DJ Light for party and function and is composed of Transistor, Resistor, LED, Capacitor, Battery .
- BC547 Transistor
- Capacitor (10uf)
- 47K Resistor
- 470Ω Resistor
- 9 Volt Battery
- Battery Clip
- Bread Board
Transistor is a semiconductor device which is basically of two types NPN and PNP. In PNP transistor, N-type semiconductor is sandwiched between two P-type semiconductors and in NPN transistor, P-type semiconductor is sandwiched between two N-type semiconductors. Transistors have three legs namely COLLECTOR, BASE and EMITTER. Here in this circuit we are using a BC547 transistor which is a very commonly used NPN transistor. You can use any type of NPN transistor such as BC548, BC549 etc. Its operation is very simple; whenever a current is applied in its base then the barrier between the collector and the emitter gets decreased and charge starts flowing from collector to emitter by which both terminals gets shorted internally.
Capacitor is an electronic device which stores charge in it. It contains two metallic plates separated by some distances and filled with dielectric. There are many types of capacitors available in the market. Some of them are Electrolytic, Polyester, Polystyrene, Ceramic Disc capacitors etc. Every types of capacitors has different-different uses and purposes like ceramic disc capacitors are used for frequency setting and frequency matching, electrolytic are used for charge storage and as a filter circuit too etc. Here in our case we are using 10uf capacitor.
Resistor is an electronic device which opposes the flow of current through it. It has two terminals and there is no polarity so it can be operated in both forward and reverse direction. Its value is characterized by its color of 4 bands present on it. Value of resistance is calculated by color coding. Here in our case we are using a 47k and 470Ω resistor.
LED stands for Light Emitting Diode. It is a normal p-n junction diode which emits light whenever a current is passed through it. Also available in market in many different colors and of different power ratings. It has two terminals namely anode and cathode where longer one is anode and shorter one is cathode. It is operated in forward biased direction. Its operating voltage is 1.5V.
Battery is a voltage source device which stores charge and energy. There are many different types of batteries of different-different types of voltage ratings which are available in the market such as 1.5V, 3.7V, 4V, 6V, 9V, 11.7V, 12V etc. There are different types of batteries such as Lead-Acid battery, Lithium-Ion battery, Li-Po battery etc. Here in our case we are using a 9V battery.
Battery Clip is used to connect the battery from the circuit to the Bread Board. It has two wires in which Red one is +ve and Black one is –ve.
Bread Board is nothing but a trainer board which provides convenience to the hobbyists. In bread board you can build up any circuit without any soldering. The thing you need is just to plug and play. It has dotted bread like pores in it in which you can insert the legs of your any electronic components such as resistor, transistor, diode etc for the operation.
MECHANISM AND WORKING OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS
It’s an extremely simple circuit made with only Capacitors, Transistor and LED. It’s a LED chaser circuit which by own explains that capacitors are playing the main role in the circuit by charging and discharging. In other words transistor is switched by 47k resistor and LED starts glowing but the turn comes in the role when capacitor gets added to it, as the capacitors are connected from base to collector in the transistor so when the current comes to the transistor then it gets forwarded towards the capacitors and capacitors gets charged and shot the circuit (for one transistor) and shots till that time until it gets fully discharged and when it gets fully discharged then LED starts glowing until that time till then the capacitor gets charged once again and once the capacitor gets charged again then it again shots the circuit and LED goes off and this loop goes on for all transistor and this process of all transistors together forms a dancing effect or chasing effect. The blinking speed or the delay of LED blinking can be controlled by changing the value of the capacitor. If you will increase the capacitance value of the capacitor then LED will dance slowly and if you will decrease the capacitance then it becomes fast.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS
WIRING AND CONNECTION OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS
STEP 1 OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
Connect battery clip to the Bread Board.
STEP 2A OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
Plug the entire 5 transistor into the breadboard and connect the emitter of all transistors to the ground.
STEP 2B OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
STEP 3A OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
Connect 47k resistor from +ve to the base of the transistor and do it for all the five transistors.
STEP 3B OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
STEP 4A OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
Connect 10uf capacitor from collector of first transistor to the base of second transistor and another 10uf capacitor from collector of second transistor to the base of third transistor and this continues so on.
STEP 4B OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
STEP 5 OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
Connect 10uf capacitor from collector to emitter of last transistor i.e. fifth transistor. –ve leg will goes to emitter and +ve will go to collector.
STEP 6A OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
Connect 10uf capacitors -ve leg to the base of first transistor and +ve leg to the collector of the last transistor.
STEP 6B OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
STEP 7A OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
Now connect the LED’s –ve leg to the collector of the transistor and do this for all transistors.
STEP 7B OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
STEP 8A OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
Now connect the LED’s +ve leg to the resistor’s one end and connect the other end of the resistor to the +ve supply and do this for all.
STEP 8B OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
SAMPLE 1 OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
SAMPLE 2 OF DANCING LIGHT USING TRANSISTORS:
Now just you had made a Dancing light so gather with friends and play cool music and dance with them.
This is Enamul Hassan, an Electrical and Electronics Engineer. I love discovering new things. I share my knowledge in this blog.