For the past 15 years, a list of eight critical elements has provided a strong foundation for articulating the positive youth development focus of 4-H programs and efforts. Now it is time to revisit this list and update the critical elements for positive youth development. Interdependence is proposed as a ninth critical element that should be included. Research is cited for the importance of this element that was not included in the original list in 1998, and a call is made for a national think tank to update the critical elements.
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Astroth, K. A. (2014). Interdependence: Ninth and Newest Critical Element for 4-H Positive Youth Development. The Journal of Extension, 52(6), Article 19. https://doi.org/10.34068/joe.52.06.19