Basal dental implantation is a revolutionary technique used in dentistry. During the procedure, special dental implants are installed with the simultaneous installation of a prosthesis. It is unique in that it can be performed even if the patient's bone tissue atrophies.
For more than thirty years, dentists around the world have been successfully using this implantation method. It has a number of indisputable advantages in contrast to classical implantation, but it requires highly qualified doctors.
- This method of implantology is becoming more and more popular every year. In order to understand its features, it is necessary to focus on the anatomy of our jaws. Please tell us about the structure of the human jaw.
- The upper and lower jaws have a tubular structure: the inner spongy layer (soft in composition) and the outer cortical layer (has a dense structure). It should be said that the teeth are located on the alveolar process of the upper or lower jaw. Over time, for various reasons, we lose teeth, as a result of which the protective properties of the body are turned on, the alveolar process begins to atrophy and disappear in the places of the missing teeth. If we imagine that all the teeth are missing on the jaw, then sooner or later the alveolar process will disappear, and only the upper or lower jaw will remain, which without the alveolar process will consist of the outer and inner cancellous bone layer. The outer layer is called the basal bone. It is not subject to atrophy throughout a person's life.
- Let's now move on to the implantation itself. Explain, please, how the basal implantation differs from the classical one?
- Classic implants were invented 10 years earlier than the basal ones. They have a significant difference both in the setting and in the biochemical principle of stabilization in the jaw. The classic implant has a rough surface and is mainly installed in the alveolar ridge of the upper or lower jaw using a thread. The principle of engraftment of a classical implant is that in the spongy layer, there will be an overgrowth of bony septa around the implant. There are various nuances that must be taken into account when installing such an implant. For example, with atrophy of the alveolar ridge or its absence, the use of classical implantation is sometimes impossible.
This problem can be solved with basal implants. There is no need to screw anything onto the implant. The implant itself is a mirror polished titanium. Microbes do not adhere to polished metal, the risk of infection of the basal implant is excluded. A classic implant can become infected.
The basal implant with its discs plunges into the basal bone and is very firmly fixed in it. Due to the fact that it is the basal bone that carries the entire bearing load, it should not be denied this function. You need to make a crown and make it participate in chewing. This takes about 3-5 days after taking the impression. Crowns or bridges are made in dental laboratories in Moscow.
- Evgeny Anatolyevich, have you given up on classical implantation?
- In no case do I reject the principles of classical implantation, I have installed over 2O thousand implants, there were also failures. There were implant rejections when we, together with the patient, took risks, installing them, for example, in a small bone volume. However, science does not stand still. Having mastered this technique, I can now offer a better procedure for installing dental implants. Patients with diabetes and insufficient bone volume come to me. There are even patients who have complete atrophy of the alveolar processes. They have already been denied implantation in other clinics in our city and beyond. Having introduced them to the basal implantation technique, I see that people are regaining confidence that they will part with removable dentures.
- Tell me, please, what are the terms of manufacturing prostheses and what composition they have?
- It is very difficult, but possible, to make a metal-plastic bridge in 2-3 days. After 8-10 months, when the time comes to replace the prosthesis with a permanent one, we are no longer in a hurry. Manufacturing of a prosthesis takes 25-30 days. Currently, we are actively switching to permanent prostheses made not of ceramics, but of special plastic with the addition of diamond grit up to 80%. The advantage of these prostheses is obvious: they can be repaired and corrected in the mouth using light-curing composites. If the ceramics are chipped, then they have to be removed and sent to the laboratory.
- However, are there any contraindications for basal implantation?
- Yes. These are osteoporosis of moderate and severe forms and the presence of oncological diseases. And that's it! In all other cases, implantation is possible.
- Thus, basal implantation is a breakthrough in dentistry.
- We can say so. Constantly developing as a science, dentistry offers all new technologies for creating prostheses that are identical to natural teeth, and it is aimed at preserving our health and improving the quality of life.