What is a SNP? What is an STR? How are Y-Trees built? Today, I am writing about the basics of Y-DNA test results.
There is much to cover in this update. It includes a look at building trees and recurrent SNPs, updates on our SNP Packs, new academic samples being evaluated by YFull thanks to Vladimir, and two new BIG Y tests in the project.
I am starting my first big adventure for the Genetic Genealogy Compendium. Four major genetic genealogy test sellers use microarray chips (Genotyping BeadChips) for products: Ancestry.com, 23andMe, Family Tree DNA, and the National Geographic Genographic Project.
Background The Ancestry V2 chip is Ancestry.com's second microarray chip. It is a custom version of the Illumina OmniExpress Plus Genotyping BeadChip. Its their current chip. Microarray chips test a small percentage of SNPs on the human genome. Each letter the DNA code for the human genome (A, C, T, or G) is called a base [...]
The Ancestry V1 chip was Ancestry.com's first microarray chip. It was a standard version of the Illumina OmniExpress chip Genotyping BeadChip.
The 23andMe V4 chip is 23andMe’s fourth microarray chip and is the one now in use. It replaced their V3 chip in November 2013. It is a completely custom Illumina Genotyping BeadChip.
The 23andMe V3 chip was 23andMe's third microarray chip. It replaced their V2 chip in January 2011. It was a custom version of the Illumina OmniExpress Genotyping BeadChip. One of its key features was backwards compatibility with their V2 chip.
The 23andMe V2 chip was 23andMe’s second microarray chip. It is almost surely the Illumina HumanHap550 Genotyping BeadChip.
This morning, I am pushing the Encyclopedia of mtDNA Origins out into the world. Each of the requirements for it is complete. What remains is doing quality assurance work and flushing out the basic background text.
I am continuing my work on the Encyclopedia of mtDNA Origins from last time… Today, I am working on the final requirement in the project to create mtDNA pages for all named branches of our shared maternal tree. It is a list of additional resources to help the user understand and enjoy their results.