Glossary of Mental Health (MDH)
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- What is Sigmund Freud known for?
- Psychoanalytic Theories
- What were the main components of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theories?
- * Id
* Super Ego
- Which two theorists are known for their Developmental Theories?
- * Erik Erikson
* Jean Piaget
- What is the prime focus of Erikson's Developmental Theory?
- Psychosocial stages
- What is the prime focus of Piaget's Developmental Theory?
- Cognitive stages
- List Erikson's Psychosocial Stages:
- * Trust vs. Mistrust (infant)
* Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (toddler)
* Initiative vs. guilt (preschool)
* Industry vs. inferiority (school age)
* Identity vs. role confusion (adolescence)
* Intimacy vs. isolation (young adult)
* Generativity vs. stagnation (middle adult)
* Ego integrity vs. despair (maturity)
- According to Freud, what is the "conscious?"
- perceptions, thoughts and emotions that exist in a person's awareness
(examples: being aware of happy feelings or thinking about a loved one)
- According to Freud, what is the "preconscious?"
- Thoughts and emotions that are not currently in a person's awareness, but he or she can recall them with some effort
(example: an adult remembering what he or she did as a child)
- According to Freud, what is the "unconscious?"
- The realm of thoughts and feelings that motivate a person, even though he or she is totally unaware of them.
- Which of Freud's 3 levels of awareness includes most defense mechanisms?
- The unconscious
- List Jean Piaget's cognitive stages of development:
- 1. Sensorimotor: birth to 2 yrs.
2. Preoperational: 2-6 yrs.
3. Concrete Operations: 6-12 yrs.
4. Formal Operations: 12-15 yrs.
- List Freud's developmental stages:
- * Oral: birth-18 months
* Anal: 18-36 months
* Phallic/oedipal: 3-5 yrs.
* Latency: 5-11 or 13 yrs.
* Genital: 11-13 yrs.
- Who was the first psychological theorist to refer to a patient as a "client?"
- Carl Rogers
- Which two theorists are known for their "Humanistic Theories?"
- * Carl Rogers
* Abraham Maslow
- Which theorist focused on "client-centered therapy?"
- Carl Rogers
- Which theorist focused on the "hierarchy of needs?"
- Abraham Maslow
- Which two theorists are known for their Behavioral Theories?
- * Ivan Pavlov
* B.F. Skinner
- Which theorist focused on behavior modification?
- B.F. Skinner
- Which theorist focused on the conditioned response?
- Ivan Pavlov
- Skinner's behavior modification theory is known for what principle?
- positive and negative reinforcement
- Which theorists are known for their "Existential Theories?"
- * Albert Ellis
* Viktor Frankl
* Frederick Perls
* William Glasser
- Frederick Perls is known for what type of therapy ?
- Gestalt Therapy
- What is involved in Gestalt therapy?
- Focusing on the "here & now;" writing journals, etc.
- William Glasser is known for what type of therapy?
- Reality therapy
- What is the guiding principle of Glasser's Reality Therapy?
- The patient is responsible for his/her own actions, and should not blame others for any outcomes.
- Albert Ellis is known for what type of therapy?
- Rational emotive therapy
- Viktor Frankl is known for what type of therapy?
- What is the central theme of Frankl's Logotherapy?
- The search for meaning
- Hildegard Peplau was known for what type of therapy?
- Therapeutic Nurse-Patient Therapy
- Which theorist is known for "Milieu" (group) therapy?
- Harry Stack Sullivan
- What are the 4 phases of Peplau's Therapeutic Nurse-Patient Therapy?
- 1. Orientation phase
2. Identification phase
3. Exploitation phase
4. Resolution phase
- What are the 6 roles of the psychiatric nurse, according to Peplau?
- 1. Stranger
2. Resource person
- What is a psychosocial assessment?
- a mental status examination
- What are the 3 key points in a psychosocial assessment?
- 1. current emotional state
2. mental capacity
3. behavior function
- What are the 4 levels of anxiety, according to Peplau?
- * Mild: this can be positive; strengthens focus
* Moderate: perceptual field is decreased
* Severe: physiological changes take place (sweating, increased HR, etc.)
* Panic: loss of rational thought (hallucinations, loss of mobility, etc.)
- Define "therapeutic communication:"
- An interpersonal interaction between the nurse and client during which the nurse focuses on the client's specific needs to promote an effective exchange of information (Videbeck, p.112)
- List the nurse's goals in caring for a psychiatric patient:
- * Establishing rapport
* Active listening: gaining the client's perspective
* Exploring the client's thoughts & feelings
* Guiding the client in problem-solving
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