Cystoscopy - a study of the inside of the bladder with a cystoscope using a special tool. Some changes of the urethra and bladder - ulcers, polyps and other lesions of the mucous can not be seen on ultrasound, so in some cases, prescribe as a more detailed examination of cystoscopy. Thus detect tumors, stones, inflammation, trauma bladder.
Cystoscopy of the bladder is not only the diagnostic, but also therapeutic procedure - with the help of a doctor can remove the tumor or papilloma, produce electrocoagulation (burning) a simple bladder mucosal ulcers, perform dissection of the ureteral orifice, enter into the bladder via the injection necessary medicine, perform bougienage or ureteral catheterization, split and deduce from it stones produce electroresection cancer or BPH (during the cystoscopy in men).
How to carry out cystoscopy of the bladder
Cystoscope is a tubular device equipped with the lamp. It can be tough (standard) or flexible.
For inspection of the bladder must enter a cystoscope into the urethra. Some painful procedure, so there are local, spinal or general anesthesia. If general anesthesia is shown that it is more often prescribed to patients with unstable mentality, the patient can not eat for 8 hours prior to cystoscopy.
When local anesthetic in the urethra before cystoscopy administered novocaine solution 2% - 10ml or gel with lidocaine. During the cystoscopy in men, the penis is applied under the head of a special clamp for 5-10min.
The patient during cystoscopy should be in a supine position, after the introduction of the cystoscope bladder for better visibility filled with water or sterile saline solution - no more than 200ml. After that, the doctor examines the bladder. Self examination lasts 2-10 minutes. In general, cystoscopy takes no more than 45 minutes and if the use of local anesthesia, the patient can go home immediately.
In some cases, cystoscopy in women, men, combined with another study - cystochromoscopy, for which the patient is injected contrast - 1-3ml solution indigo 0, 4%. Do this in order to learn from some of the ureter, with some intervals and intensity will be colored urine. Norm is, if the dye released in the bubble begins after 3-5 minutes after administration. If it will take more than 10 minutes, this may indicate a deterioration of renal function.
Cystoscopy in children follows the same principles as in adults, but is used to survey the special children cystoscopy, they are much smaller diameter than adults. Cystoscopy is usually carried out with the written consent of the parents, for the children emotionally excitable offer general anesthesia.
Contraindications and consequences cystoscopy
Cystoscopy for women, men and children is not carried out in the presence of acute inflammation of the bladder, urinary tract, testes and prostate, in the presence of bleeding, urethral fever.
After cystoscopy for a while, one or two days, the patient may feel a burning sensation during urination. In addition, there is a risk of infection (after cystoscopy often prescribe antibiotics), opening the bleeding and the integrity of the bladder wall.
Because the male urethral canal longer than women cystoscopy in men - more complex and in some ways dangerous procedure. The degree of complications depends on the skill of the doctor and used a cystoscope - what he was thinner, the better. The device must undergo prostatic department seminal colliculus, bladder neck, and after that go to the bladder. Improper handling of the appliance cystoscopy can cause prostatitis, cystitis, urethritis, an inflammation of the spermatic tubercle and bubbles, violation of potency, in particular a morning erection, and lack of sexual desire. To eliminate the complications need to be treated, the symptoms of erectile dysfunction transient, may occur a week or a few months.
Medical help should be consulted if after cystoscopy will be observed chills, severe pain in the urethra, fever, while urinating if the urine becomes much less than usual.