Native to China and Korea, where it has been cultivated for 1500 years, and long known in Japan where it is highly valued as an ornamental, Prunus mume was introduced to Britain in the mid-nineteenth century when some double-flowering Japanese cultivars were imported.
However, it wasn't until the end of the century that it became established in cultivation. Even today, the eighth edition of W.J. Bean's Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles, after describing the tree's virtues, notes that it is uncommon and listed only by a few nurserymen.
Scientific name: Prunus mume
Common name(s): Japanese Apricot
USDA hardiness zones: 6A through 8B
Origin: China, Korea
Uses: specimen; deck or patio; highway median
Availability: may have to go out of the region to find the tree
|The relative inattention paid to this remarkable tree by the gardening
world becomes difficult to understand when you look at the tree itself.
At 20 feet it is an ideal size for small gardens or a fine accent for larger landscapes. In late spring and summer, handsome dark green foliage, dramatically colored, dark green stems and a pleasant rounded habit distinguish Prunus mume.
But it is during the dark days of winter that this plant exhibits its unique charm. Starting as early as January, depending on the cultivar, the site and the weather, Prunus mume produces beautiful, delicate, fragrant flowers over many weeks just when we need them most. The flowers can be white to red through pink, single or double, and have a rich and spicy fragrance.
Leaf arrangement: alternate
Leaf type: simple
Leaf margin: serrate
Leaf shape: ovate
Leaf venation: pinnate
Leaf type and persistence: deciduous
Leaf blade length: 2 to 4 inches
Leaf color: green
Fall color: no color change
Fall characteristic: not showy
|Color: white to red through all kind of pink, single or double
Flower characteristics: showy and very fragrant
|Fruit shape: round
Fruit length: 1 to 3 inches
Fruit covering: fleshy
Fruit color: yellow
Fruit characteristics: attracts birds; eatable but mostly showy
Prunus mume species may be propagated from seed extracted from ripened
Stratify in plastic bags filled with a moist mixture of one-half milled sphagnum moss and sand for three months in the refrigerator, and then sow outdoors in spring or in the greenhouse any time of year.
For cultivars true to form, you'll have to propagate from softwood cuttings taken in early summer and kept misted.
Prunus mume can also be grafted by T or chip buddings with buds from soft or semi-hard wood onto the more available purple leaf plum, Prunus cerasifera, understock.
Prunus mume will flower in three years from seed and in two from grafts. The tree grows quickly when young, three to seven feet per year, except for the contorted varieties which are slower growing.
Aphids cause distortion of new growth, deposits of honeydew, and sooty
Borers attack stressed trees. Keep trees healthy with regular fertilizer applications.
Scales of several types infest the cherries. Horticultural oil is used to control overwintering stages.
Spider mites cause yellowing or stippling but they are very difficult to see.
Tent caterpillars make large webbed nests in trees then eat the foliage.
One defoliation may not be serious and small nests can be pruned out and
destroyed. Use Bacillus thuringiensis when the insects are first seen and
are still small.
Diseases No diseases are of major concern.
Cultivars and Varieties
• `Bonita', semidouble rose-red blossoms;
• `Dawn', large ruffled double pink;
• `Peggy Clarke', double deep rose;
• `Rosemary Clarke', double white flowers with red calyces;
• `W.B. Clarke', double pink flowers, weeping plant form;
• 'Matsubara Red' Double dark red flowers and red new growth turning green.
• 'Kobai', with deep red semi-double flowers, is probably the least difficult to find
and also 'Contorta', ‘Mo Vang Bach Thong’, ‘Mo Vang Moc Chau’, ‘Mo Ma
Dao’, 'Alba', 'Alboplena', 'Alphandii' ('Roseoplena'), 'Beni-shidori' ('Beni-shi-don'),
'Bonita', 'Bridal Veil', 'Fragrant Snow', 'Grandiflora' = Prunus ansu 'Flore
Pleno', 'Matsurabara Red', 'O-moi-no-wac', 'Pendula', 'Rosebud' ('Rose
Bud'), 'Trumpet', 'W.B. Clarke', 'Weeping Double Pink', 'Whiskers', 'White
Christmas' (I could not get any information about all those)
you can find more pictures on a japanese