William Randolph Hearst (* 29 April 1863 in San Francisco; " 14 August 1951 in Beverly Hills) was an US-American publisher and Medienzar.
William Randolph Hearst came on 29 April 1863 into San Francisco as an only child of George Hearst, rich a multi-millionaire, and its Mrs. Phoebe become by mines and the agriculture to the world. After its successful journalism study in Harvard he began to work at the Harvard Lampoon, which was led by Joseph Pulitzer. 1887 he took over the newspaper San Francisco Examiner, around her with large success radically umzugestalten. Inspired by the journalism Pulitzers, he instructed its journalists to write shocking messages in order to inspire the readers.
When 1891 its father George Hearst died, he left a fortune of 7.5 million dollar. With the new financial possibilities Hearst 1895 bought the New Yorker newspaper Morning journal and engaged some the most well-known journalists of the time and opened a market with several millions readers. Thus it competed with its earlier Mentor Pulitzer, which was at this time a publisher the New York World.
Already in the middle 19. Century was there a strong interest of the USA in the Spanish colony Cuba. While in this time of a war with militarily strong Spain yet was not to be thought, the situation changed after the independence fight of the Kubaner against the Spanish colonial power. Political and military the USA felt now in the situation to make for Spain its colony Cuba contentious. A welcome cause was the explosion of the USS Maine in the port of Havanna, which were particularly explained from Hearst and Pulitzer to the reason for war. In the Hearst press publish battle call read "Remember the Maine, ton brightly with Spain" (thinks of the Maine, to hell with Spain), although at this time a Spanish debt at the misfortune did not stand yet at all to the discussion. Hearst even still continued. It assigned to remain for its correspondents Remington in Havanna and send pictures, so that it, Hearst, which war can make ("You furnish the pictures. I' ll furnish the was." W.R. Hearst).
Hearst and Pulitzer, which had already some time ago recognized both that sensational news promise good sales figures, published in their newspapers of reports and pictures over abusing the Cuban population under the command Spanish general of the Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau, which let concentration camps (campos de ) furnish. Such pictures had not seen humans the time at that time ever in a public medium. The headline "Enter the more butcher" (Drauf on the butcher) referred to the Spanish general Weyler and should prepare the war psychologically. Hearsts newspapers, which sold themselves at the beginning of still well 77,000 times, exhibited now suddenly sales figures of over one million. Published in the newspapers stories over Cuban rebels , who against Spanish occupation fought. These reports woke sympathies for rebels and affected the forming of an opinion of the readers strongly. Hearst did not make a secret from the fact that he regarded only one war as the correct solution of the problem. Now a war no more was not to be prevented. Hearst did not shrink from expenditure, in order to be able to publish better stories as Pulitzer. It began now also, Pulitzers best journalists and Illustratoren abzuwerben. This kind of spreading sensational news received to the names "Yellow presses", an allusion on regularly first in Pulitzers, then in Hearsts newspapers appearing Comicstrips from The Yellow Kid and the yellow newsprint.
With the fortune, which he had earned by the good business during the Spain crisis and conquests of the newspaper markets of San Francisco and New York, it extended its enterprise in the following years. Thus it created 1900 "Chicago American", 1902 "Chicago Examiner" and the "Boston American", as well as 1904 "Los Angeles the Examiner". The meant more than only an expansion of its Imperiums, but should it also with its largest goal support: To become president of the USA.
Hearst had from the front in here no chance to become president because the expenditure of time for its newspapers was simply too large, and it was rather a "Showman" a respectable politician. 1902 and 1904 he won nevertheless the elections to the House OF Representatives (the US-American house of representatives). However left to it its two-million-campaign for the presidency election and the administration of its newspapers very little time for the obligations in the congress. Its constant absence annoyed the other politicians. Despite everything Hearst found still time in order to place itself to 1905 of the choice to New Yorker mayors, and tried to 1906 to the governor to be selected. After he was twice not selected, Hearst from the policy withdrew itself.
1903 he married those only 21 years old milli cent Willson with which it five sons had. When Hearsts nut/mother died 1919, he moved on 680 km large farm in San Simeon, which had heard in former times its father. There he built for 37 million dollar his own lock named "Xanadu" and/or "Hearst Castle", in which regularly parties with much were given Hollywood Prominenz, and spent themselves ever 50 million dollar on real estates in New York and on art articles.
1934 traveled Hearst to Germany, in order from Hitler as a friend to be received. After this journey Hearsts published newspapers articles against socialism and the Soviet Union and particularly against Stalin. A series of articles of Hermann which disappeared to the media however due to violent protests fast, appeared. Some rumors meant at this time that other published propaganda texts were delivered directly of the Gestapo.
In the 30's Hearsts fortune had been pulled by the consequences of the of October 1929 strongly in, yet were 1935 Hearst with 200 million dollar of one of richest humans of the world. In the 40's it possessed 25 daily papers, 24 weekly papers, 12 Radiosender, two world-wide message enterprises, the "Cosmopolitan" Filmstudio and some other companies within the medium range. he bought one of the first television stations of the USA in Baltimore to 1948. Hearst sold daily more than 13 million newspapers and reached with them about 40 million reader. Almost a newspaper from the house Hearst, many read a third of the American adults received these information in the form of films and translated newspapers also abroad.
Hearst is portraitiert 1941 in the film Citizen Kane of the director Orson Welles, whereupon he starts a medium campaign, in order to prevent this. This shows success after certain duration also.
In coordination with firm sizes such as DuPont and Anslinger the Hearst newspapers very successfully took to influence on the prohibition of the utilizable hemp, which 1937 could be converted.
Hearst died on 14 August 1951 in Beverly Hills.
Long Hearst was associated 30 years with the actress Marion Davies.
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