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The Cardiovascular System
Transcript of The Cardiovascular System
It has 3 major components
Watch the following clip and fill in the information in you work booklet
always lead away from the heart
(except for the pulmonary artery)
walls to withstand the pressure of the blood
branch into smaller arteries (arterioles) which get smaller and thinner and eventually branch into
always return blood to the heart
blood (except the pulmonary vein)
walls because the blood pressure in veins is lower
due to the lack of blood pressure muscle contraction assist in moving blood through the veins
to stop blood flowing backwards
venules are smaller veins that lead from capillaries into veins
are a link between the
capillary networks are particularly dense in active tissue e.g muscles and the brain
Capillary walls are extremely thin which allow the exchange of
, nutrients and hormones from the blood to pass easily through into the cells of the body’s tissues
and cell wastes are received back into the capillaries.
What is Blood?
What do you know about the heart???
While watching the following clips, write down as many words as you can that describe the heart:
Structure of the heart
Blood flow through the Heart
Ventricles have strong walls. The left ventricle has the strongest walls for a powerful contraction to pump blood around the body.
When labeling a diagram of the heart, your looking at a mirror image!
so the left side of the heart will ALWAYS be on the right side of the page!!!!!
THINK, PAIR, SHARE
Look at your veins, what do you see???
You have 5 mins to discuss with a friend why we use the colours
when labeling blood on diagrams!
VALVES in the heart allow blood to flow in only one direction
Is the artery leading from the left ventricle, delivering
blood to the body
Is has thick, strong walls and is very elastic
Why does the AORTA have thick, strong, elastic walls?
Only flows through the LEFT side of the heart
Only flows through the RIGHT side of the heart
SO we have already know that:
ALWAYS carry blood away from the heart
ALWAYS return blood to the heart
BUT thinking about the structure of the heart is there any exception to this?
PULMONARY ARTERY and PULMONARY VEIN
pulmonary means lungs
The Pulmonary Artery carries blood from the heart to the lungs but it is DEOXYGENATED
The Pulmonary Vein carries blood back to the heart but it is OXYGENATED
This is the only exception to the rule!!!
Put your hand on your heart:
1. what can you feel?
2. why can you feel it?
• Heart rate is a measure of the number of times the heart beats per minute (left ventricle contraction)
• The harder the heart has to work to pump blood the greater a person’s heart rate will be.
• A healthy and fit person will generally have a lower heart rate than an unhealthy and fit person.
• You can measure you heart rate by measuring your pulse
• This can be done on the wrist or at the neck
Blood pressure is the pressure exerted on the arteries during the cardiac cycle (contracting and relaxing of the heart)
the heart is the only cardiac muscle
a muscular pump that contracts regularly to pump blood around the body
4 chambers - Atrium (Atria) top chambers
- Ventricles bottom chambers
Atrium receives blood from body and lungs
Ventricles pumps blood out of the heart (thicker stronger walls)
heart beats approx 70 beats per minute
a system of one way valves allow blood flow only in one direction on the heart
the heart is covered by vessels called coronary arteries (a blockage in these will cause a heart attack)