Tangney Eds. Optimal distinctiveness is independent of the evaluative implications of group membership, although, other things being equal, individuals will prefer positive group identities to negative identities. Social Indicators Research. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Sedikides, M. Building on that thesis, optimal distinctiveness theory states that ingroup distinctiveness must be equalized by assimilation, which is an independent yet opposing motive for group identification Brewer, The theory asserts that individuals have multiple selves, or multiple social identities, that interact with other people on different, yet necessary levels Twente, Pickettand Marilynn Brewer. Self-discrepancy theory investigates how people compare their actual selves to their ideal and ought selves.
According to the. According to the distinctiveness hypothesis, people in Western cultures tend to Self-discrepancy theory investigates how people compare their actual selves to.
A limited theory of distinctiveness is proposed, in order to explain why conceptually. Writing and long-term memory: Evidence for a “translation” hypothesis.
Since social groups are thus fundamental for human growth and prosperity, the thesis from which optimal distinctiveness was created states that distinctiveness itself is the motive which determines the "selection and strength of social identities" Brewer, between social groups and satisfies an individual's own psychological needs Brewer Optimal distinctiveness theory was built upon and further extended the assumptions of social identity theory and other models that examine ingroup bias and favoritism Brewer, Equilibrium is dynamic and constantly corrects deviations from optimality Brewer, Furthermore, Baumeister and Leary  explained this pervasive quest for group membership as a need for belongingness.
There are two kinds of self-esteem : trait self-esteem, which tends to be a stable part of identity, and state self-esteemwhich changes according to different contextual factors, such as personal failure or the loss of a beloved sports team.
Attribution Theory Situational vs Dispositional Simply Psychology
It asserts that individuals desire to attain an optimal. tradition of social comparison theory (e.g., Festinger. There are theories and studies that argue support for at least part of our distinctiveness hypothesis. as well as for further research applications of distinctiveness theory. A Tale of Two Cities:. hypotheses concerning how distinctiveness theory ap.
Brewer suggested that the increased self-esteem could flow from social identity rather than ingroup favoritism.
Face refers to what people want others to think they are. The self originates in part from biologically based dispositions inherited from parents, as well as from family birth order.
It depends on the frame of reference within which possible social identities are defined at a particular time, which can range from participants in a specific social gathering to the entire human race. Brewer, M.
Distinctiveness hypothesis and theory
|Leonardelli, G. Self-knowledge embodies cultural and moral standards, and it motivates appropriate behavior. There are perils of high self-esteem, and studies have linked various forms of antisocial behavior with narcissistic levels of self-esteem.
Brewer, M. Smith, J. However, Brewersuggests, uncertainty reduction alone does not account for why people continually seek group identification as a necessary part of their lives.
Attribution theory is concerned with how ordinary people explain the causes of. smokes when she is out with friends, her behavior is high in distinctiveness.
Marilynn B. It asserts that individuals desire to attain an optimal balance of inclusion and distinctiveness within and between social groups and situations Brewer, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin17— Austin Eds.
Can we have a distinctive theory of memory SpringerLink
Self-discrepancy theory investigates how people compare their actual selves to their ideal and ought selves. The self originates in part from biologically based dispositions inherited from parents, as well as from family birth order. They tend to have unrealistically positive beliefs about themselves, an illusion of control, and unrealistic optimism, which all enhance their sense of well-being.