Fungus: any of a major group of saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing organisms usually classified as plants that lack chlorophyll (molds, rusts, mildews, smuts, mushrooms, and yeasts).*
Lichen: any of numerous complex thallophytic plants made up of an alga and a fungus growing in symbiotic association on a solid surface.
*Edited to add:
Dave from Via Negativa writes:
"... I would quarrel with "usually classified as plants" - I think most taxonomists now assign molds and fungi to their own kingdom. Lichens can be partnerships either with green algae (Plant Kingdom) or blue-green algae (Monera)."
Thanks Dave! I borrowed that from ol' Webster, who is clearly as behind on taxonomic updates as I am.
Dave also identifies the first shelf fungus below as Turkey Tail.
*End of edit
A Cup fungus
Witch's butter (Tremella mesenterica, a jelly fungus)
Thus ends my knowledge of fungus names. I love all the different shapes though.