Once a Pine Branch Turns Brown, Will It Ever Be Green Again?
Brown needles and dying branches on a pine tree (Pinus spp.) indicate a cultural or pest problem. Pines come in varieties that can grow in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 3 through 9. Although a completely brown branch won't turn green again or produce new needles, determining the cause allows you to treat the problem before you remove the dead branch.
Drought stress and exposure to cold, drying winds in winter are the most common causes of brown pine branches. The first year after planting, water newly planted pine trees once weekly if there is less than 1 inch of rainfall. Water deeply so that the moisture penetrates throughout the root zone. Throughout winter, keep the soil moderately moist, especially during dry periods, to minimize cold and wind damage. Established pines primarily need water only during extended periods of dry weather.
Fungal infections can cause needle blight. New pine needles develop a pink or tan color in spring if they are affected by this blight and then turn brown as the season progresses. Proper watering and growing the pine in well-draining soil that's rich in organic matter minimize needle blight. Established trees usually recover, although the affected needles won't turn green again.
The larvae of a variety of moths may feed on pine needles. They tunnel through the needles, turning them brown as the needles die. Established pine trees usually tolerate their damage, but young pines may suffer if they lose too many needles. Proper watering and pruning out affected branches minimize miner infestations.
Pine Needle Weevils
Pine needle weevils feed on the needles and new shoots on pine branches, turning them brown in late winter or early spring. Cankers may also appear on the trunk or on the bark of large branches. Weevil damage rarely kills a pine, but it can become unsightly. Pruning out badly damaged branches improves the pine's appearance and may help manage weevil populations.
Minor needle browning or dieback usually requires no pruning because the needles quickly drop on their own. If the unsightly needles persist, or if an entire branches browns, proper pruning can solve the problem. Disinfect pruning shears and saws in a solution of one part bleach to nine parts water before cutting. Trim back the branch to where it joins to a main branch or the trunk or to the nearest healthy wood that still contains needles. Use bypass shears to cut through branches narrower than a pencil and a pruning saw for larger branches.
Jenny Harrington has been a freelance writer since 2006. Her published articles have appeared in various print and online publications. Previously, she owned her own business, selling handmade items online, wholesale and at crafts fairs. Harrington's specialties include small business information, crafting, decorating and gardening.