Application of the treatment and preventive measures for caries and gingivitis in school-age children
Background. The unity of the most significant pathogenetic mechanisms of caries and periodontal diseases grounds the concept of prevention of these diseases, which includes the development of treatment and preventive programs taking into account the clinical features of combination of caries and periodontal diseases in children and the main pathogenetic mechanisms of these diseases. The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the developed treatment and preventive measures (TPM) in school-age children when caries is associated with chronic catarrhal gingivitis taking into account the main pathogenetic mechanisms of these diseases. Materials and methods. 138 children aged 7 to 10 years were enrolled in the clinical study. Dental caries index, an increase in the intensity of dental caries, reduction of this index and caries prevention effect, test of enamel resistance, Green-Vermillion index, O’Leary simplified index of dental plaque, patient hygiene performance index, the papillary marginal attachment index, Simplified Basic Periodontal Examination were evaluated in children before using TPM and 18 months after applying them three times. Results. The results of the clinical study showed that with a positive dynamics of clinical parameters in children of all study groups, in subgroups where we applied the developed and proposed TPM, oral hygiene was good (0.37 ± 0.03, 0.46 ± 0.04), as well as efficiency of hygiene measures (0.58 ± 0.05, 0.60 ± 0.03); low level of caries intensity increase (0.11–0.18) with reduction of 67.27–80.70 %, with caries prophylaxis effectiveness of 66.53–76.79 % in contrast to the control groups of children, in which the level of caries intensity increase was 0.35–0.57, state of oral hygiene remained satisfactory. In children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, complete elimination of the main clinical signs of inflammation with subsequent long-term remission when using TPM was observed in a larger number of cases as compared to children with standard treatment approaches. Conclusion. The results of clinical study, namely prevention of further caries development and elimination of basic clinical signs of gum inflammation with the long-term remission, indicate positive influence of developed TPM.
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