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Cataloged for perlite product What is perlite Origin and Characteristics... Perlite is not a trade name but a generic term for naturally occurring siliceous rock. The distinguishing feature which sets perlite apart from other volcanic glasses is that when heated to a suitable point in its softening range, it expands from four to twenty times its original volume. This expansion is dues to the presence of two to six percent combined water in the crude perlite rock. When quickly heated to above 871°C (1600°F), the crude rock pops in a manner similar to popcorn as the combined water vaporizes and creates countless tiny bubbles which account for the amazing light weight and other exceptional physical properties of expanded perlite. This expansion process also creates one of perlite's most distinguishing characteristics: its white color. While the crude rock may range from transparent light gray to glossy black, the color of expanded perlite ranges from snowy white to grayish white. Expanded perlite can be manufactured to weigh as little as (32kg/m3) making it adaptable for numerous applications in the construction, industrial, chemical and horticultural. Since perlite is a form of natural glass, it is classified as chemically inert and has a pH of approximately 6.5 - 7.5 1 . CHEMICAL COMPOSITION 72 - 76% SiO2 11 - 17% Al2O3 0.5 - 2% CaO 0.1 - 0.5% MgO 0.5 - 1.5% Fe2O3 4 - 5% K2O 3 - 4% Na2O Physical Properties Color White Free moisture 0.5% PH neutral Specific gravity 2.2 - 2.4 2 Bulk Density 70 - 120kg/m3 Softening Point 890 - 1100oC Fusion Point 1280 - 1380oC Specific Heat 0.2 Uses for Perlite... There are many uses for perlite. These uses can be broken down into three general categories: construction applications, horticultural applications, and industrial applications Construction application Because of perlite's outstanding insulation, light weight, fire retardant and sound control characteristics and its being rot, vermin and termite resistant perlite is widely used in the following construction applications. Loose fill insulation Portland cement and gypsum plasters Underfloor insulation Concrete roof decks Chimney Linings Fireproofing Blocks Pipe insulation Mixing Loose fill insulation Because of Perlite's outstanding insulating characteristics and light weight, it is widely used as a loose-fill insulation. In this application, free flowing perlite loose-fill masonry insulation is poured into the cavities of concrete block where it completely fills all cores, crevices, mortar areas and ear holes What is the benefits of perlite loose fill insulation? It is non combustible with a fusion point of approximately 1260oC. (2300oF). It is inorganic and is rot, vermin and termite resistant. It improves the fire rating. 3 It is non settling and supports its own weight in masonry wall cavities and masonry block cores. It may be easily installed without special training or equipment. Portland cement and gypsum plasters Perlite can also be used as an aggregate in Portland cement and gypsum plasters for exterior applications and for the fire protection of beams and columns. Traditionally plaster had been made from a mix of gypsum plaster and sand. The problem with sand plaster is that in a fire the sand explodes and cracks, and can be easily destroyed. In contrast, perlite plaster can offer a product which is both lightweight and fire-proof lightweight: it weighs approximately 60% less than ordinary sand plaster. Thermal Insulation: 4 times more resistant to heat transmission than sanded plaster thus permitting savings in air conditioning . Fire rating: Non- combustible and non- toxic provides up to 5 hours fire protection with minimum weight and thickness. Noise Reduction - Because of its porous structure it doesn't permit sound reflection, it is sound absorbent and reduces sound transmission between partitions. Mixing of plaster Perlite: For every two bags (100ltr per bag) of Perlite-C one sack of cement (50kg) and 20-40lts lime plus water Underfloor insulation: Why Perlite Insulation? Perlite underfloor insulation is an inorganic product that doesn't rot, doesn't support combustion nor provide a habitat for rodents. Because of its neutral PH, the product doesn't foster corrosion in piping and electrical wiring that may be in the underfloor area and it is greatly reduce sound transmission form floor to floor, form floors to walls and from underfloor piping system. When used for underfloor insulation, a water repellent, dust suppressed perlite specially produced for this application is used. It can be used: under floating concrete floors, asphalt floors floating board floors. 4 Concrete roof-decks: Perlite concrete aggregate combined with portland cement and water produces a lightweight insulating concrete used for lightweight roof decks, floor fills, lightweight structural decks and many other applications Benefits of concrete roofdeck insulating not combustible. superior fire ratings . lightweight and durable . reduce sound transmission . Excellent insulating value Slope to Drain PHISICAL PROPERTIES OF PERLITE CONCRETE Perlite Portland Water Compressive Thermal Dry m3 Cement kg kg strength(after28days)Kg/cm3 conductivityw/m.C densityKg/m3 1 200 200 8 - 10 0.09 340 1 250 230 12 - 15 0.10 380 1 300 250 17 - 20 0.11 440 1 350 275 22 - 25 0.12 500 1 450 300 25 - 30 0.13 540 Chimney Lining Condensate, which can form in chimneys when hot gases impinge on cold chimney linings, can create two serious problems. The first is he formation of combustible tars on chimney linings that may cause chimney fires. The second is the formation of sulphite solutions that can attack chimney morter which can lead to leakage, staining 5 and possibly even chimney collapse. Other reasons for relining chimneys are to deal broken or cracked masonry work and to improve draft by reducing flue size. Why Perlite? Perlite is inorganic. Doesn't support combustion. Exhibits excellent thermal insulting properties over wide range of temperature. Doesn't affected by most acids. Blocks Perlite blocks consist of Portland cement and expanded Perlite and it is same in shape and dimension as ordinary blocks. Advantages of Perltie Blocks: Weighing much less than the half of traditional concrete blocks. Perlite concrete blocks provide excellent noise absorption. perlite concrete is non-toxic, rot, vermin and termite resistant and non-combustible. It is as permanent as the structure, which contains it. transportation, handling and installation is easier and faster. Fireproofing Thickness of the Plaster Perlite for Covering (mm) HP/Am-1 1/2hr 1hr 1.5hr 2hr 3hr 4hr 150 10 12 23 33 54 75 170 10 13 24 35 57 79 190 10 13 25 37 60 83 210 10 14 26 38 63 86 Mixing 6 Pipe insulation Lightweight perlite insulating concrete can play a multiple role in undergroundpipe and duct installations . Perlite concrete insulation can also serve as a supporting envelope . This latter advantage is of special importance when pipe or ducts are laid under roadways , parking lots or other areas subject to traffic. Perlite concrete pipe insulation provides a monolithic ( seamless ) insulation for the length of a pipe or duct. Additionally , Perlite insulating concrete is permanent, fire proof , rot proof and vermin proof . 7 Agricultural application THE ADVANTAGES OF AGRICULTURAL PERLITE Improves soil aeration and drainage. Makes moisture and nutrients readily available to plants. Inorganic and does not deteriorate. Serves as an insulator to reduce extreme soil temperature fluctuations. Has essentially neutral PH of 6.5 to 7.5. It is sterile and free of weeds and disease. It is clean, odorless, lightweight. Acts as an ideal medium for Keeping cuttings and ensures also. Increasing the percentage of rooting. Fastness in rooting and growing. Easiness in working with it. Perlite for Rooting Cuttings Growers have found that Perlite is the ideal rooting medium for cuttings that come from many woody plants. It is important to keep the perlite moist at all times and to keep cuttings out of direct sun. If temperatures are cool rooting is hastened by applying bottom heat. Misting on warm days helps the cuttings retain moisture and hastens rooting. Perlite for Starting Seeds Fine perlite can be used alone as a seed-starting medium or it can be mixed half and half with shredded sphagnum moss or shredded peatmoss. Many seeds have limited "pushing-up" power. Perlite alone or perlite mixes are ideal for seed starting because they are light in weight. It also offers protection to seedlings by resisting surface moss and algae growth. 8 Perlite in hydroponic cutlrue Initially al culturers were made in the soil. But, The need to understand the mechanism of nutrient and physiology of the plants drove sceintists to soiless culture, on simple substrates and not composite ones as the soil. These experimental cultures, which have nothing to do with the soil or the soil mixtures, were named hydropinic culture or soiless culture. Benefites of Hydroponic culture Horticultural perlite provides more constant moisture status aroun the roots at all times irrespective of weather or stage of root growth. Perlite ensures more even watering throughout the grwoing area. Thera is less probability of over-watering with horticutlural perlite. Perlite culture avoids wasting of water and nutrients. The use of perlite eliminates the need to grade growing floors accurately. Other horticultural applications for Perlite are as a carrier for fertilizer, herbicides and pesticides and for pelletizing seed. Horticultural Perlite is as useful to the home gardener as it is to the commercial grower. It is used with equal success in greenhouse growing, landscaping application and in the home in houseplants. 9 Industrial applications Industrial applications for perlite are the most diverse, ranging from high performance fillers for plastics to cements for petroleum, water and geothermal wells. Other applications include its use as a filter media for pharmaceuticals, food products, chemicals and water for municipal systems and swimming pools. Additional applications include its use as an abrasive in soaps, cleaners, and polishes; and a variety of foundry applications utilizing perlite's insulating properties and high heat resistance. This same heat resistant property is taken advantage of when perlite is used in the manufacture of refractory bricks, mortars, and pipe insulation. Filter aid The properties which give perlite filter aids a competitive advantage over competitive products are their not toxicity and low bulk density. Their low bulk density is very important for the cost effectiveness of the process because at the filtration bed it is the volume of filteraids that matters and not their mass. Perlite filteraids are also preferred in many industries because they allow filtration equipment to filter liquids at a faster rate and for a longer time without the filter septum to be blocked. Perlite filteraids are used in the filtration of wine, sugar and starch, beverages, edible oil, as well as pharmaceuticals and chemicals. Expanded perlite is an excellent filteraid, characterized by high purity and inertness. It has the property of forming pre-coats and cakes of a large number of pores, which can trap effectively the various solid impurities from the liquid to be filtered. Their main advantages over competitive products are their non-toxicity and low bulk density. Perlite filteraids also facilitate the fast rate of filtration and high clarity of the liquid Evacuated and non evacuated Cryogenic service Perlite insulation suitable for evacuated and nonevacuated cryogenic service exhibits low thermal conductivity throughout a range of temperatures, pressures, and densities. In addition to excellent thermal properties, perlite insulation is relatively low in cost, easy to handle and install, and does not shrink, well, warp or slump. It also is noncombustible and meets fire regulations and can reduce insurance costs. 10 Perlite in the steel and Foundry Industries Perlite insulation is used in high temperature applications in the steel and foundry industries such as ladle topping, hot topping and risering, in topping compounds, in exothermic and insulating shapes, as a cushioning agent, in molding sand and in the manufacture of refractory blocks and bricks. Filler Advantages of Perlite Hollow spheres or Bubbles as fillers Because of their unique multicellular structure, these lightweight perlite fillers can provide many advantages. They are effective bulk fillers because of their low density. Exhibit a uniform white color that has minimal to no effect on the color of the finished product. The particle shape of lightweight perlite fillers promotes good bonding between the perlite and resins. Some properties such as impact resistance and tensile strength may be enhanced by the particle shape and size of lightweight perlite fillers. Lightweight perlite fillers can reduce raw material costs while improving workability. when used with other fire retardant materials, lightweight , inert and inorganic perlite fillers can enhance fire resistance. Because of these characteristics, perlite lightweight hollow spheres or bubbles have been found to be cost effective in a number of applications including the manufacture of adhesives, auto body putty, cultured marble, coatings, patching compounds and stucco. 11 filtration Introduction Filtration is the removal of fine solid matter from a liquid by passage through a septum or layer having small openings. It is one of the major industrial application that concern a wide rang of industries; basic chemicals (like sulfuric acid or caustic soda manufacturing), water treatment, food and beverage industry. In various branches of industry filtering operations are carry out to have liquids with maximum clarity, within a shorter time and less efforts and costs. It's not possible to reach this ideal results of filtration without a filter aid. Filter aid Without using a filter aid the solid particles in the liquid will soon accumulate on filtering surfaces and block them. Here it comes the necessity of using it. Filter aid is an inert material which can make a filtering layer (cake) that transfers the actual filtering from the septum to the whole mass of filter aid. Filtration occurs in the tiny pores formed by the fine particles of filter aid. The difference between filtrations with and without filter aid Filtration WITH FILTER AID WITHOUT FILTER AID - Fast filtration - Filtration too slow - Long Cycles - Cycle too short - Maximum clarity - Clarity not good enough - Very easy cleaning - Filter very difficult to clean 12 PERLITE FILTER AID Perlite is a unique filter aid made from volcanic rock which is expanded and milled to a specific grades. The resulting filter aid is an extremely pure, inert, white, lightweight material having a unique interlocking structure with myriads of microscopic channels. It affords optimum flow rates and sparkling clarity in filtered substances. Perltie does not impart taste, odor or color to filtered liquids. Therefore, it is excellent for filtering food, beverage and pharmaceutical products. MAJOR COST ADVANTAGE Perlite filter aids provide the user with a density advantage of 20 - 50% over other filter aids which is an important consideration when comparing costs. Perlite filter cake density is only 110 to 270kg/m3 . The dry density of perlite filter aid ranges form 100 to 200 kg/m3. Experiences in a variety of applications in many industries has shown that users of filter aids can considerably reduce filtration costs without sacrificing performance by converting to perlite filter aids. USABLE WITH STANDARD EQUIPMENTS Perlite filter aid can be used with both pressure and vacuum filtration equipment. When Perlite filter aids are used with rotary vacuum filters, filter cakes exhibit less cracking than when other filter aids are used. HIGH FLOW RATE Due to their unique physical structure, Perlite filter aids offer high flow rates with optimum clarity. They are especially applicable to highly viscous liquids such as syrup or gelatinous slurries requiring fast flow rates. Productivity, clarity , and flow rates may be increased through the use of perlite filter aids. EASY CAKE RELEASE Because they remain porous and do not compact, perlite filter aids afford easy cake release at the completion of a filtration cycle. Not only does this facilitate filter cleaning, but it reduces manpower requirements and increases productivity. NON HAZARDOUS WASTE Perlite is not hazardous waste and can be easily disposed of. Some cakes used for food processing can even be recycled as components in animal feed. PERLITE'S ADVANTAGES PHYSICAL PROPERTIES - Optimum clarity of filtered product - Variable flow rates Color White - No color, taste, odor 13 - Inert, Insoluble in acids. Free Moisture 0.5% - Safe - less than .1% silica. - Non-hazardous. PH 6-8 - Usable with standard filter equipment Specific gravity 2.2 - 2.4 - Easy cake release - Facilitates filter cleaning 110 - 145 - Less equipment abrasion Bulk Density kg/m3 - Easier to handle - Economical Softening Point 870 - 1100C Fusion Point 1280 - 1350C Specific heat 0.2 Specific surface 3.5 m2/g area Total pore 58.2A diameter Soluble Iron 8.3ppm Permeability (Darcies) 3 - 4 Water Absorption 600ml/100g GRANULE SIZE DISTRIBUTION CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (wt%) Retained Passing Weight Mesh No. SiO2 72 - 76% Weight % % Al2O3 11 - 17% 30 trace 100 CaO 0.5 - 2% 50 3 97 MgO 0.1 - 0.5% 100 11 86 Fe2O3 0.5 - 1.5% 140 10 76 K2O 4 - 5% 270 34 42 Na2O 3 - 4% <270 42 0 14 APPLICATIONS OF PERLTIE FILTER AID Food Processing: - Cider - Corn Syrup - Fruit Juices - Sugar - Pectin - Citric Acid - Vegetable Oils - Vegetable Juices - Molasses - Soft Drinks - Casein Industrial: - Water Treatmen - Oil Recovery - Pool Water Treatment - Greases - Solvent recovery Chemical - Inorganic Chemicals - Resins - Organic Chemicals - Sulfuric Acid - Polymers - Polyethylene - Adhesives - Titanium Dioxide - Fertilizers - Waste disposal 15 Paints/Coatings/Textiles - Waxes - Oils - Varnish - Gums - Shellac - Paint 16
"Cataloged for perlite product What is perlite Origin and "