Glass is usually divided into oxide glass and non oxide glass according to the main components. There are few varieties and quantities of non oxide glass in glass bottles, mainly including chalcogenide glass and halide glass. The anions of chalcogenide glasses are mostly sulfur, selenium, tellurium, etc. the glass bottle can cut off the short wavelength light line and pass through yellow, red, near and far infrared light. Its resistance is low, and it has switching and memory characteristics. Halide glass is widely used as optical glass because of its low refractive index and low dispersion. Oxide glass is divided into silicate glass, borate glass, phosphate glass and so on. Silicate glass refers to the glass whose basic composition is SiO2. It has many varieties and wide uses. According to the different contents of SiO2, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal oxide in glass bottle, it can be divided into: ① quartz glass. The SiO2 content is more than 99.5%. It has low thermal expansion coefficient, high temperature resistance, good chemical stability, UV and infrared light transmission, high melting temperature, high viscosity, and difficult molding. It is widely used in semiconductor, electric light source, glass bottle photoconductive communication, laser technology and optical instruments. ② High silica glass. The content of SiO2 is about 96%, and its properties are similar to that of quartz glass. ③ Soda lime glass. The main content of SiO2 is SiO2, 15% Na2O and 16% Cao. Its cost is low and easy to form. The glass bottle is suitable for large-scale production, and its output accounts for 90% of the practical glass. It can produce glass bottles, flat glass, utensils, light bulbs, etc. ④ Lead silicate glass. The main components are SiO2 and PbO, which have unique high refractive index and high volume resistance, and have good wettability with metal. They can be used to manufacture light bulbs, vacuum tube cores, crystalline glassware, flint optical glass, etc. Lead glass containing a large amount of PBO can block X-ray and gamma ray. ⑤ Aluminosilicate glass. It is mainly composed of SiO2 and Al2O3, with high softening and deformation temperature. It is used to make discharge bulb, high temperature glass thermometer, chemical combustion tube and glass fiber. ⑥ Borosilicate glass. It is mainly used in the manufacture of heat-resistant apparatus such as B2O3 and SiO2, which is used to seal the glass and cooking apparatus. Borate glass is mainly composed of B2O3, which has low melting temperature and can resist sodium vapor corrosion.