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Unzen 1792: Earthquake and Tsunami
Transcript of Unzen 1792: Earthquake and Tsunami
The natural effects from this earthquake were terrible. It included a landslide that swept through the city of Shimabara and into Ariake Bay, triggering a large tsunami. The catastrophe killed 15, 448 people. It destroyed not only the lives of thousands of people, but homes and wildlife as well. The landslide buried everything in it's path.
Magnitude and Intensity
The magnitude was 6.4 Ms
Ms is the surface wave magnitude scale used for very old earthquakes
The intensity was not found
Summery of Event
This earthquake and following landslide and tsunami were events caused by the volcanic activity of Mt. Unzen on May 21st, 1792. After a surprise eruption that had lava flowing for two months, a rumbling earthquake, landslide, and tsunami wrecked a portion of the southern end of Japan. This (being far past) isn't the most recent event near this location.
The location of the event was in Japan. Specifically effecting the areas of the island Kyushu, the epicenter being on the Shimabara Peninsula. The area resides on the border of the European and Philippine tectonic plates, and is close to the borders of the Pacific Plate and the western border of the North American Plate. I believe that the placement of these plate boundaries did effect the disaster, making it worse than it would have been had it NOT been on any plate boundaries.
Catastrophe Site as pointed out on a Tectonic Plate Map
I imagine this is similar to the tsunami
First Hand Accounts
Due to the date, there were no videos or pictures, nor first hand accounts.
The type of fault experienced in the Unzen 1792 Earthquake was a thrust fault at a convergent boundary. When the plates collided, one slammed above the other creating an earthquake that sent the following tsunami.
Let's go over the basics. I'll start with plate tectonics. The Basic definition: A scientific theory that describes the large-scale movements of the Earth's lithosphere. It looks at the large scale map of the Earth's tectonic plates, fault lines and such and watches their movements. This concept had been developed in the early 20th century by the geoscientific community.
A strike slip fault is when the plates scrape against each other, parallel to each other
A dip-slip (also known as a thrust) fault is a fault on which movement is in the direction of the dip of the fault
There are many other classified types of faults, including oblique and reverse faults.
Fault Types (continued)
By: Alejandra C. Delgado-Naegele