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This tutorial is the last of three basic tutorials devised to illustrate commom features in ANSYS. Each tutorial builds upon techniques covered in previous tutorials, it is therefore essential that you complete the tutorials in order. The Solid Modelling Tutorial will introduce various techniques which can be used in ANSYS to create solid models. Filleting, extrusion/sweeping, copying, and working plane orientation will be covered in detail. Two Solid Models will be created within this tutorial.
Problem Description A
We will be creating a solid model of the pulley shown in the following figure.
We will create this model by first tracing out the cross section of the pulley and then sweeping this area about the y axis.
Creation of Cross Sectional Area
1. Create 3 Rectangles Main Menu > Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Create > Rectangle > By 2 Corners
BLC4, XCORNER, YCORNER, WIDTH, HEIGHT
The geometry of the rectangles:
Rectangle 1 WP X (XCORNER) 2 Rectangle 2 3 Rectangle 3 8
RAD The geometry of the circles: Circle 1 WP X (XCENTER) WP Y (YCENTER) 3 5.2 .XCENTER.5 2 5 1 0 0.5 0. Add the Areas Main Menu > Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Operate > (-Boolean-) Add > Areas AADD. Create the rounded edges using circles Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Create > (-Areas-) Circle > Solid circles CYL4.WP Y (YCORNER) WIDTH HEIGHT 0 1 5.YCENTER. ALL ANSYS will label the united area as AREA 4 and the previous three areas will be deleted. 3.5 5 You should obtain the following: 2.5 Circle 2 8.
BASE.5 You should obtain the following . Enter the y offset as 4. It asks for the x.y and z offset of the copied area.2 4. Subtract the large circle from the base Preprocessor > Operate > Subtract > Areas ASBA. Copy the smaller circle for the rounded edges at the top Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Copy > Areas o o Click on the small circle and then on OK. The following window will appear.6 and then click OK.RADIUS 0.SUBTRACT 5. o Copy this new area now with an x offset of -0.5 0.
. Fillet the inside edges of the top half of the area Preprocessor > Create > (-Lines-) Line Fillet o Select the two lines shown below and click on OK.6. Add the smaller circles to the large area. Preprocessor > Operate > Add > Areas AADD.ALL 7.
Enter 0.1 o Follow the same procedure and create a fillet with the same radius between the following lines .o The following window will appear prompting for the fillet radius.
8. Create the fillet areas o As shown below. Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Create > (-Areas-) Arbitrary > By Lines o Select the lines as shown below . zoom into the fillet radius and plot and number the lines.
0) and number them 1001 and 1002 respectively.#.X.Areas) Sweep the Cross Sectional Area Now we need to sweep the area around a y axis at x=0 and z=0 to create the pulley. Plot Areas 3.0. Plot the Keypoints (Utility Menu > Plot > Keypoints. Then you will be asked to enter or pick two keypoints defining the axis.Z) 2.0) and (0. Plot the areas (Utility Menu > Plot .Repeat for the other fillet 9.5. Sweep the area about the y axis Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Operate > Extrude > (-Areas-) About axis o o o You will first be prompted to select the areas to be swept so click on the area. (K. By default the graphics will now show all keypoints. Create two keypoints defining the y axis Create keypoints at (0. Add all the areas together Preprocessor > Operate > Add > Areas AADD.ALL o 10. 1.Y. Then select the following two keypoints .
Click on OK. You should now see the following in the graphics screen. .o The following window will appear prompting for sweeping angles.
Change the Working Plane By default. we need to use a different working plane. Align the Working Plane with the Keypoints Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Align WP with > Keypoints + o . the working plane in ANSYS is located on the global Cartesian X-Y plane. There are several ways to define a working plane. o Create the following Keypoints X #2001 #2002 #2003 0 1 0 Y 3 3 3 Z 0 0 1 Switch the view to top view and plot only keypoints. for us to define the bolt holes. 2. one of which is to define it by three keypoints. However.Create Bolt Holes 1.
Another way to make sure the active WP has moves is: Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Show WP Status note the origin of the working plane. Create a Cylinder (solid cylinder) with x=5. o Once you have selected the 3 keypoints and clicked 'OK' the WP symbol (green) should appear in the Graphics window.5 depth=1 You should see the following in the graphics screen .o Select Keypoints 2001 then 2002 then 2003 IN THAT ORDER. The first keypoint (2001) defines the origin of the working plane coordinate system. while the third (2003) defines the orientation of the working plane. By default those values would be 0. The following warning will appear when selecting the keypoint at the origin as there are more than one in this location. 3.0. the second keypoint (2002) defines the x-axis orientation.5 y=0 r=0.0. Just click on 'Next' until the one selected is 2001.
fill in the blanks as shown. Create 8 bolt Holes Preprocessor > Copy > Volumes o Select the cylinder volume and click on OK. The following window will appear. 4.We will now copy this volume so that we repeat it every 45 degrees. . Note that you must copy the cylinder before you use boolean operations to subtract it because you cannot copy an empty space. We need to change active CS to cylindrical Y Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Change Active CS to > Global Cylindrical Y This will allow us to copy radially about the Y axis 5.
Youi should obtain the following model. o Subtract the cylinders from the pulley hub (Boolean operations) to create the boltholes. This will result in the following completed structure: .
A .Command File Mode of Solution The above example was solved using a mixture of the Graphical User Interface (or GUI) and the command language interface of ANSYS.. copy and paste the code into Notepad or a similar text editor and save it to your computer. Open the . Problem Description B We will be creating a solid model of the Spindle Base shown in the following figure.' and select the file.PDF version is also available for printing.. Now go to 'File > Read input from. This problem has also been solved using the ANSYS command language interface that you may want to browse.HTML version. .
Create the base rectangle WP X (XCORNER) 0 WP Y (YCORNER) 0 WIDTH 109 HEIGHT 102 2.Geometry Generation We will create this model by creating the base and the back and then the rib. Create the Base 1. Create the curved edge (using keypoints and lines to create an area) o Create the following keypoints X Keypoint 5 Keypoint 6 Keypoint 7 Keypoint 8 o -20 -20 0 0 Y Z 82 0 20 0 82 0 20 0 You should obtain the following: .
4.8.o o Create arcs joining the keypoints Main Menu > Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Create > (-Lines-) Arcs > By End KPs & Rad Select keypoints 4 and 5 (either click on them or type 184.108.40.206 into the command line) when prompted.6 o Create an Arbitrary area within the bounds of the lines .20 into the command line) o Create a line from Keypoint 5 to 6 Main Menu > Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Create > (-Lines-) Lines > Straight Line L. Select Keypoint 7 as the center-of-curvature when prompted.20 followed by LARC. type LARC.1. Enter the radius of the arc (20) in the 'Arc by End KPs & Radius' window Repeat to create an arc from keypoints 1 and 6 (Alternatively.5.5.
DX.1. RADIUS=10) Copy the area to create the bottom right circle (DX=69) (AGEN.7 o Combine the 2 areas into 1 (to form Area 3) Main Menu > Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Operate > (Booleans-) Add > Volumes AADD.6.DY.2 3.Area2# (if 2 areas to be copied).DZ) o o Copy both circles to create the upper circles (DY=62) Subtract the three circles from the main base .# Copies (include original). You should obtain the following image: 4.4. YCENTER=20. Create the 4 holes in the base We will make use of the 'copy' feature in ANSYS to create all 4 holes o o Create the bottom left circle (XCENTER=0.5.Area#. 5.Main Menu > Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Create > (-Areas-) Arbitrary > By Lines AL.
ALL) You should obtain the following: 6. to extrude the area in the negative z direction you would simply enter -26. Extrude the base Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Operate > Extrude > (-Areas-) Along Normal The following window will appear once you select the area o Fill in the window as shown (length of extrusion = 26mm). .(ASBA. Note.3.
type VOFFST. Create the back area o Create the base rectangle (XCORNER=0. RADIUS=51) o Add the 2 areas together 3. type KWPLAN.26 into the command line) Create the Back 1. the first keypoint defines the origin. You may have observed that geometry can only be created in the X-Y plane.1. (Alternatively. Therefore. Extrude the area (length of extrusion = 26mm) Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Operate > Extrude > (-Areas-) Along Normal VOFFST. YCENTER=180. the second keypoint defines the x-axis orientation.101.27. Change the working plane As in the previous example.(Alternatively.6. we need to change the working plane. HEIGHT=180) o Create a circle to obtain the curved top (XCENTER=51.26 4. we need to create a new working plane where the X-Y plane is parallel to the back. in order to create the back of the Spindle Base. YCORNER=0. while the third defines the orientation of the working plane.102 into the command line) 2.100. o Create the following keypoints X #100 #101 #102 109 109 159 Y 102 2 102 Z 0 0 sqrt(3)/0. Add the base and the back together o Add the two volumes together . Again. WIDTH=102.02 o Align the working plane to the 3 keypoints Recall when defining the working plane. we will define the working plane by aligning it to 3 Keypoints.
. DEPTH=60) .32. YCENTER=180.Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Operate > (-Booleans-) Add > Volumes VADD. . Create the Upper Cylinder o Create the outer cylinder (XCENTER=51. RADIUS=32. Area 3 5. Area 1. DEPTH=60) Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Create > (-Volumes-) Cylinder > Solid Cylinder CYL4.51.5. YCENTER=180. .180.2 You should now have the following geometry Note that the planar areas between the two volumes were not added together. Area 2. RADIUS=18. o Add the planar areas together (don't forget the other side!) Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Operate > (-Booleans-) Add > Areas AADD.1.60 o o Add the volumes together Create the inner cylinder (XCENTER=51.
0 into the command line) o Create the following keypoints X #200 #201 #202 -20 0 -20 Y 61 61 61 Z 26 26 30 o Align the working plane to the 3 keypoints .o Subtract the volumes to obtain a hole You should now have the following geometry: Create the Rib 1. type WPCSYS. Change the working plane o First change the active coordinate system back to the global coordinate system (this will make it easier to align to the new coordinate system) Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Align WP with > Global Cartesian (Alternatively.-1.
204 Preprocessor > (-Modeling-) Create > (-Areas-) Arbitrary > Through KPs A. Create the area o Create the keypoints corresponding to the vertices of the rib X #203 #204 129-(0.202 into the command line) 2.204 4.203. while the third defines the orientation of the working plane.200.4 3. Extrude the area (length of extrusion = 20mm) 5.200. 203. Change active coordinate system We now need to update the coordiante system to follow the working plane changes (ie make the new Work Plane origin the active coordinate) Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Change Active CS to > Working Plane CSYS. Add the volumes together You should obtain the following: .201.1.57735*26) + 38 Y 0 sqrt(3)/2*76 Z 0 0 o Create the rib area through keypoints 200. the second keypoint defines the x-axis orientation.Recall when defining the working plane. the first keypoint defines the origin. (Alternatively.57735*26) 129-(0. type KWPLAN.