The Australian Human Rights Commission is the accredited national human rights institution (NHRI) for Australia. The Commission has a role engaging with UN human rights mechanisms, to promote and protect human rights both in Australia and within the international human rights arena. This section contains information on the Commission's bilateral and multilateral engagement with:
- UN human rights mechanisms
- National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs)
- Other countries (though technical cooperation programs)
Commission engagement with UN human rights mechanisms
The Commission has an important role to play at the United Nations through its various human rights mechanisms. As an accredited NHRI, the Commission has a responsibility to cooperate with the United Nations and any other organization in the United Nations system, the regional institutions and the national institutions of other countries that are competent in the areas of the promotion and protection of human rights.
The Commission monitors when Australia’s human rights performance is reviewed by UN human rights agencies and participates in proceedings where possible. The Commission also regularly provides independent reports that track how Australia is doing in meeting its human rights obligations and what improvements could be made. This work is informed by the observations and recommendations made by UN agencies.The Commission regularly engages with a range of UN mechanisms, including by:
• participating in treaty body periodic review processes
• participating in the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) process
• participating in sessions of the Human Rights Council and other sessions of the UN including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues and the Commission on the Status of Women
• engaging with Special Rapporteurs and other Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council and assisting with country visits to Australia
• responding to calls for submissions, questionnaires and requests for information from UN agencies
• participating in working groups for the drafting of human rights Conventions, Declarations and Optional Protocols
UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies
Australia has signed seven UN human rights treaties which require periodic reporting to treaty body commitees.
- Human Rights Committee
- Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
- Committee against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment
- Committee on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination against Women
- Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
- Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
These committees have varying modalities, but generally include the development of a list of issues, an appearance before the commitee and the development of concluding observations. The Commisison is invited to provide input during each part of this process. A list of the reporting status for all Australia's human rights treaties can be found here.
Submission made by the Commission to UN treaty bodies can be found on the submission page.
Universal Periodic Review
The Universal Periodic Review (UPR) is a process undertaken by the UN Human Rights Council. It involves review of the human rights records of all 193 UN Member States once every four and half years. Australia's UPR appearance occurred in 2011 and 2015. The third cycle is expected to occur in 2020. Detailed information on the UPR process is available on the Commission's UPR page.
Participation in the Human Rights Council and other UN bodies
As an accredited NHRI, the Commission can:
- make an oral statement under all substantive agenda items of the Human Rights Council;
- participate through video messages in the HRC plenary debates, panels or annual discussions;
- submit documents, which will be issued with UN document symbol; and
- take separate seating in all sessions of the HRC.
The Commission also has participation rights with UN bodies in New York, most notably the Commission on the Status of Women, the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, the Conference of States Parties to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the Open-ended Working Group on Ageing and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Engagement with Special Rapporteurs
Special Rapporteurs are independent human rights experts appointed by the Human Rights Council. Special Rapporteurs have a specific country or thematic mandate and can visit countries to identify and address issues relevant to their mandate. Australia has a standing invitation to all Special Rapporteurs who have thematic mandates. The Commission provides information to relevant Special Rapporteurs and provides support for any country visits to Australia.
The following Special Rapporteurs are conducting visits to Australia in 2016:
- Special Rapporteur on human rights defenders
- Special Rapporteur on migrants
- Special Rapporteur on racism
Commission engagement with National Human Rights Institutions
Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions
The Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI), formerly the International Coordinating Committee of National Institutions for the promotion and protection of rights (ICC), is the international association of NHRIs from all parts of the globe. The Commission is a bureau member of GANHRI and regular engages with the GANHRI secretariat and the GANHRI chair (currently the NHRI of Germany) on the development of statements and submissions to UN bodies. The Commission's President attends GANHRI annual conferences and bureau meetings.
GANHRI also undertakes accreditation of NHRIs to ensure that they are in accordance with the Paris Principles. Accredited NHRIs are given an 'A-status' which grants participation rights at the Human Rights Council and other UN bodies. The Commission will undergo a reaccreditation process in November 2016.
Asia Pacific Forum of National Human Rights Institutions
As a founding member of the Asia Pacific Forum of National Human Rights Institutions (APF), the Commission works in partnership with other NHRIs to explore the pressing human rights issues facing our region. The APF is the offical regional network of NHRIs and facilitates engagement with GANHRI and other NHRIs. The Commission President is a forum councillor of the APF and attends APF general meetings. The Commission regular consults with the APF in sharing best practices and building capacity of NHRIs across the Asia Pacific region.
The APF has 15 full members and 7 associate members.
Commonwealth Forum of National Human Rights Institutions
The Commission is a member of the Commonwealth Forum of National Human Rights Institutions (CFNHRI). At the end of June 2013, the Commission formally concluded its two-year term as chair of the CFNHRI. During its term as Chair, the Commission built the CFNHRI's capacity to support and strengthen the work of individual NHRIs in promoting and protection human rights across the Commonwealth. The Commission achieved important outcomes at the administrative and functional level. These outcomes relate to building the new website and facilitating the sharing of information; as well as substantive human rights issues such as disability, sexual orientation and gender identity, and climate change and human rights.
The CFNHRI has 46 members.
The Commission's through the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, engages in human rights technical cooperation activities with other countries.
The Commission currently engages in human rights cooperation programs with China and Vietnam.
Further information on our technical cooperation activities are available in the Commission's Annual Reports.