La Guemara. Le Talmud de Babylone. Sanhédrin. Tome 2. [Collectif] on Amazon. com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. pages. in8. broché. Un vol. Get this from a library! La Guemara. . 1, Chabbat, [I-II]. [Élie Munk; Désiré Elbèze;]. , Hebrew, Aramaic, French, Book edition: [Masekhet Betsah] = Traité Beitsa: la Guemara: l’édition classique de Vilna accompagnée de notes explicatives.
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Gemara – Wikipedia
After the Mishnah was published by Judah the Prince c. Their discussions were written down in a series of books that became the Gemara, which when combined with the Mishnah constituted the Talmud.
There are two versions of the Gemara. By convention, a reference to the “Gemara” or “Talmud,” without further qualification, refers to the Babylonian version. The main compilers were Revina and Rav Ashi. The Gemara and the Mishnah together make up the Talmud.
The Talmud thus comprises two components: The rabbis of the Mishnah are known as Tannaim sing. The rabbis of the Gemara are referred to as Amoraim sing.
Because there are two Gemaras, there are in fact two Talmuds: Sometimes the language changes in the middle of a story. In a narrow sense, the word Gemara refers to the mastery and transmission of existing tradition, as opposed to sevarawhich means the deriving of new results by logic. Both activities are represented in the “Gemara” as a literary work. The term “gemara” for the activity of study is far older than its use as a description of any text: The analysis of the Amoraim is generally focused on clarifying the positions, words and views of the Tannaim.
A sugya will typically comprise a detailed proof-based elaboration of the Mishna. Every aspect of the Mishnaic text is treated as a subject of close investigation. This analysis is aimed at an exhaustive understanding of the Mishna’s full meaning. In the Talmud, a sugya is presented as a series of responsive hypotheses and questions — with the Talmudic text as a record of each step in the process of reasoning and derivation.
The Gemara thus takes the form of a dialectical exchange by contrast, the Mishnah states concluded legal opinions — and often differences in opinion between the Tannaim.
There is little dialogue. The disputants here are termed the makshan questioner, “one who raises a difficulty” and tartzan answerer, “one who puts straight”. The gemara records the semantic disagreements between Tannaim and Amoraim.
Roch Hachana, La Guemara Tome 1
Some of these debates were actually conducted by the Amoraimthough many of them are hypothetically reconstructed by the Talmud’s redactors. Often imputing a view to an earlier authority as to how he may have answered a question: The distinctive gurmara of the gemara derives largely from the intricate use of argumentation and debate, described above.
In each sugyaeither participant may cite scriptural, Mishnaic and Amoraic proof to build a logical support for their respective opinions. The process of deduction required to derive a conclusion from a prooftext is often logically complex and indirect. Prooftexts quoted to corroborate or disprove the respective opinions and theories will include:.
Why does the Mishna use one word rather than another? If a statement is not clear enough, the Gemara seeks to clarify the Mishna’s intention. Exploring the logical principles underlying the Mishnah’s statements, and showing how different understandings of the Mishnah’s reasons could lead to differences in their practical application.
What underlying principle is entailed in a statement of fact or in a specific instance brought as an illustration? If a statement appears obvious, the Gemara seeks the logical reason for its necessity.
It seeks to answer under which circumstances a oa is true, and what qualifications are permissible. All statements are examined for internal consistency. Resolving contradictions, perceived or actual, between different statements in the Mishnah, or between the Mishnah and other traditions; e. Do certain authorities differ or not? If they do, why do they differ?
If a principle is presented as a generalization, the gemara clarifies how much is included; if an exception, how much is excluded. Demonstrating how the Mishnah’s rulings or disputes, derive from interpretations gkemara Biblical texts. The Gemara will often ask where in the Torah the Mishnah derives a particular law.
Le Talmud de Babylone, Roch Hachana
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Not to be confused with Gamera.
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Talmud Readers by Adolf Behrman.