Solution:Concept- Sodium bicarbonate is and it is a basic substance. A basic substance reacts with acid and then they neutralise each other.
Now, when sodium bicarbonate is added to the test tube containing acid, then the reaction takes place as-
As a result carbon dioxide is released with brisk effervescence.
On the other, alcohol do not react with .
Therefore, it is true that alcohol and carboxylic acid are distinguished by sodium bicarbonate test.
Thus, Both the reason and assertions are correct and reason is also correctly explaining the assertion.
Hence, the correct answer is 1.