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Transcript of Research skills
How a research proposal is structured
primary and secondary research
Different research methodologies
Types of research
Data collection methods
Quantitative data is in numerical form.
In quantitative, Surveys and questionnaires data collection methods are the ones mostly used.
The data in quantitative is analysed statistically by using diagrams such as bar charts, histograms and frequent tables.
It is used by scientists in general.
Qualitative is exploring and finding out about meanings of behaviour by using people’s opinions.
Qualitative data is in words, thus it is rich and deep.
In qualitative data collection, observations, focus groups and interviews are mostly appropriately used methods.
Mixed methods research combines both quantitative and qualitative research methods.
Mixed methods also help researchers to triangulate their projects and make the data valid and reliable.
Most importantly, in research are ethical issues; a researcher needs to:
Avoid any harm to the participants
Make it clear to the participants that they can withdraw at any time
Have consent forms that outlines and gives the participants the full research’s background.
Keep the data Confidential and in a secure area.
1. Bartlett, S and Burton, D. (2012) Introduction to Education Studies. 3rd Edition. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
2. Cohen, L., Manion, L and Morrison, K. (2000) Research Methods in Education. 5th Edition. London: RoutledgeFalmer.
3. Creswell, J. (2009) Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed methods approaches. 3rd Edition. London: SAGE Publications Inc.
4. Gray, D. (2009) Doing Research in the Real World. 2nd Edition. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
There are two types of research:
- is a new research carried out by the researcher and is information found out from first hand experience.
- is known as a desk top research or looking at information previously researched such as books, reports or journals.
There are three types of methods in which the data can be collected. which are:
Mixed methods research
By Fatuma Mfaume
There are three paradigms:
- this paradigm tends to be quantitative in nature and is mostly used by scientists to test hypothesis.
- A researcher under this paradigm is usually seeking to understand the meanings behind actions through people’s opinions.
- This paradigm studies a social situation through practical ways with the aim of making improvements and changes.
A research proposal is structured as follows:-
• Title (working title)
• Aims and objectives
• Sample literature
• Action plan/timescale
Advantages and disadvantages
- A focus group is a group interview in a form of discussion.
Running a focus group allows you to gain a large amount of information in a short time as well as helps the participants to develop team work skills and share their knowledge.
The limitations of running a focus group is that they take time to arrange, sometimes people may not turn up as agreed and they can sometimes be limited because of the participants dynamic.