National Focal Point
- Ministry of Environment, Sanitation and Sustainable Development
National Strategic Documents and Timeframe
- NDC: 2015 – 2030
- National Adaptation Action Program (NAPA) (2007)
- National Policy on Climate Change (PNCC) (2011)
- Strategic Framework for Growth and Poverty Reduction (CSCRP)
- Strategic Framework for Achieving a Resilient and Green Mali
National Institutional Arrangements
The NDC provides that at the institutional level, the Ministry of the Environment, Sanitation and Sustainable Development is responsible for taking climate change into account. It intrusted the Agency for Environment and Sustainable Development (AEDD), created in 2010, with the task of managing the various impacts of climate change.
It also provides that Mali has set up a National Committee on Climate Change (CNCC) which is the body for consultation, guidance and mobilization of the country’s vital forces. This committee is consulted regularly to support the teams preparing the national contribution, particularly through its thematic groups.
Priorities and Needs
Mali’s NDC sets out that two-thirds of the country is arid and semi-arid, dominated by desertification problems. It describes that natural risks have increased with the intensification of climate change: repeated droughts, floods, strong winds, bush fires, and destabilization of the rains. The NDC notes that agriculture, which is most affects, accounts for 45% of GNP and employs about 80% of the labor force.
Current and Planned Adaptation Efforts
Mali’s NDC states that in terms of adaptation, Mali’s vision is to make the green economy and resilience to climate change a priority.
Mali’s NDC emphasises that adaptation measures to climate change are needed in all sectors of development. It provides that Mali has developed several policies, strategies and action plans integrating national adaptation guidelines with reference to the Strategic Framework for Growth and Poverty Reduction (CSCRP). These programs are currently being revised to develop Mali’s National Adaptation Plan (NAP) for climate change by 2030 to better guide and coordinate actions.
The programs are:
- National Environmental Protection Policy: ensuring a healthy environment and sustainable development, combating desertification, ensuring food security, preventing and combating pollution and reducing poverty.
- National Climate Change Policy, complemented by its strategy and plan of action: Reference and steering framework for all projects and programs implemented in Mali related to the fight against climate change
- National Forestry Policy: Ensure integrated and sustainable management of renewable natural resources: forests, terrestrial and aquatic wildlife, land resources and biodiversity
- National Energy Policy: Contribute to the sustainable development of the country, through the provision of energy services accessible to the greatest number of the population at the lowest cost and promoting socioeconomic activities.
- National Agriculture Policy: Promote sustainable, modern and competitive agriculture based primarily on family farms.
- National Water Policy: Contribute to the fight against poverty and sustainable development by providing appropriate solutions to water-related problems.
- National Sanitation Policy: Structuring the entire sanitation sector around a realistic development project
- National Land Use Planning Policy: Confer to economic development planning a territorial dimension, within the framework of an organization of space taking into account decentralization.
- National Policy of Decentralization: Strengthen the process of democratization of the society and adapt the missions and organization of the State to the requirement of promoting local initiatives.
- Strategic Investment Framework for Sustainable Land Management: Reverse land degradation trends to ensure food security, reduce poverty and vulnerability.
- National Adaptation Strategy of the Mali Forestry Sector to the Impacts of Climate Change: Anticipate the potential impacts of climate change on the forestry sector in Mali and analyse vulnerabilities.
- Renewable Energy Development Strategy: Promote a wide use of Renewable Energy technologies and equipment.
- National Strategy for the Development of Biofuels: Increase local energy production at lower cost through the development of biofuels.
- National Population Policy: Master and manage the evolution of the population of Mali.
- National Gender Policy: Improving women’s involvement in the country’s management process
- National Transportation Policy: Improving transport systems in Mali to ensure adequate isolation of the country.
The NDC goes on to set out the forecast and adaptation needs for the period 2015-2020, before listing those for the period 2020-2030.
The needs for 2020-2030 are based on the objectives of development objectives through a National Development Plan, and the objectives of sustainable development:
- Implementation of the Technology Action Plan for Adaptation and Mitigation (>US$ 2.5 billion)
- Intensification of the 5 programs announced at the World Climate Summit in September 2014 in New York including reforestation, pastoralism, renewable energies and smart agriculture to strengthen resilience to climate change and ensure food security across the country (~US$2.124 billion)
- Management of river silting to develop production systems agricultural, aquaculture and river transport production systems (US$1.5 billion)
- Sewage treatment and reuse for irrigation purposes (US$0.5 billion)
- Reconversion of surface irrigation and sprinkler irrigation to localized irrigation on large areas for agriculture and gardening (US$2.0 billion)
- Reforestation and planting of thousands of acres of fruit trees to replenish plant cover and protect agricultural areas from water and wind erosion (US$1.5 billion)
- Land and natural resources management, including thousands of hectares of watersheds for rational management of water resources (US$1.0 billion)
- Capacity building for climate change for all public and private sector actors, including gender and young people (US$1.5 billion)
Requirements for Additional Planning, Financial and Technical Capacities
The NDC includes a means of implementation section which details the needs for technology transfer, capacity building and finance.
Within the adaptation to climate change section, the NDC states that the costs of adaptation needs of the 2015 – 2020 period amount to US$1.062 billion, and the cost of adaptation actions for the 2020 – 2030 period amount to US$12.624 billion.