We can generally understand what is wrong with a diesel engine by the colour of smoke emitted from the exhaust. There are three basic colours – black, white and blue.
This is due to a air to fuel ratio imbalance, either the fuel system is delivering too much fuel into the engine or there is not enough clean air (oxygen) a few things to look for:
- Faulty injectors (injectors need attention at about 180,000 to 250,000 kilometres)
- Faulty injector pump
- Dirty air cleaner
- Turbocharger or intercooler faulty
- Problems within cylinder head, valves clogged up due to faulty EGR (exhaust gas recycling unit)
Normally means that the fuel injected into the cylinder is not burning correctly. The smoke will burn your eyes.
- Engine/pump timing out
- Fuel starvation to the pump causing the pumps timing not to operate correctly
- Low engine compression
- Water/petrol in the fuel
The engine is burning engine oil
- Worn cylinders or piston rings
- Faulty valves or valve stem seals
- Engine over full with engine oil
- Faulty injector pump/lift pump allowing engine oil to be mixed with the diesel
We do not know why EGR (exhaust gas recycling) valves were ever put onto diesel engines, they cause more trouble than they are worth. The idea is that whilst the engine is at tick over, a valve opens and allows some of the exhaust gases to pass back into the nice clean air intake manifold.
After a while the gases containing dirty, sooty carbons start to cover and coat the intake area and valves causing the air to fuel ratio to become unbalanced thus resulting in more black smoke being emitted from the exhaust. This black smoke is then drawn back into the air intake via the EGR valve. A vicious cycle then starts with the engine producing more smoke and sootier carbons being drawn into the intake, a major problem. We would always recommend the EGR valve to be blanked off but some vehicles will not allow this.