Given the increasingly resistance to antibiotics, the phage therapy undergoes a renaissance and is developed especially in bacterial infections caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella, Shigella, Salmonella, Escherichia, Enterococcus a Listeria.
Applicability of lytic enzymes as an antimicrobial agens is not only in human medicine, where the bacterial resistance is currently growing more and more, but also in veterinary medicine and food industry,where it is necessary to control food contamination by various pathogens. They also may be used in bacterial detection and diagnostic, due to their specific binding of proteins to the bacterial surface.
In the lysis process itself, the phage- encoded enzymes apply, so called lytic enzymes, which degrade the integrity of bacterial wall by hydrolysis.
Currently the use of phage lytic enzymes is known in human and veterinary field. There are different products forms, mainly liquid dosage form, alternatively spray or chewing gum.