15Will ionic compounds conduct electric current when dissolved in water? YesWhy?
16Electrolytes and Non-electrolytes Electrolytes: conduct an electric current when in the molten state or in aqueous solution. Ionic compoundsNon-electrolytes do not conduct a current. Usually molecular compounds
18Do all electrolytes conduct electricity to the same degree? Weak electrolytes: partially ionize in water and conduct electricity in solution poorly (ex. Ammonia)Strong electrolytes: fully ionize in water and conduct electricity in solution strongly(ex. NaCl).
19Hydrate:A crystalline compound in which the ions are attached to one or more water molecules.
22Analyzing Hydrates Simulation click on the link below:
23ProblemCalculate the percent by mass of water in washing soda (Na2CO H2O)% mass of H2O = MM water x100 %MM HydrateAnswer: 62.9%
24Efflorescent Hydrates Hydrates that have high vapor pressures compared to water.When the vapor pressure of the surrounding is lower than the vapor pressure of the hydrate, the hydrate will lose its water; it effloresces.
25Hygroscopic Hydrates and Dessicants Hydrates that have a low vapor pressure compared to water.These hydrates can absorb water from the air.These can be used as dessicants (ex. CaSO4).
26DeliquescentMaterials that absorb so much water that they will become wet (form solutions). Ex. NaOH.
29SuspensionA mixture whose particles are temporarily suspended in a medium, but eventually settle down.Particle size>100nmEx: dust in air.
30ColloidA mixture whose particles (of size ~1 to ~100nm) are dispersed through a continuous medium. (The word colloid means “glue-like”)Heterogeneous because there are distinct phases.Tyndall Effect: Scattering of light.