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Cholinesterase in the blood
Medical expert of the article
Cholinesterase in the blood - one of many important and necessary enzymes, which for brevity in the medical world is designated by HE.
True, real cholinesterase is found mainly in the muscle tissues of the skeleton, in the tissues of the nervous system, a small number of it is found in red blood cells - red blood cells. This cholinesterase is called acetylcholinesterase or AChE.
Another CE was called serum or pseudocholinesterase, but not because of its "falsity", but rather because of some secondary functions. Cholinesterase works in large part over the hydrolysis of acetylcholine, which in turn, as an important neurotransmitter, transmits nerve impulses.
What is the cholinesterase in the blood?
The level and activity of ChE helps to diagnose the degree of intoxication, clarify the condition and evaluate the functioning of the liver. Also, before a serious surgical intervention, an analysis is performed on the XE to exclude all possible complications and risks.
In the serum, the level of cholinesterase so necessary is revealed for assessing the state of the liver, to determine the degree of intoxication. The first to react to any poisoning is acetylcholinesterase, a drop in its level of 40% is considered a serious health threat, when AChE is below 80% of the norm, nervous paralysis may occur, and its zero activity requires resuscitation. Cholinesterase is also important for assessing liver function. If cholinesterase reduces its activity by 40-50%, this is a signal about the signs of hepatitis in acute form.70% decrease in the level of CHE activity - evidence of the terminal stage of cirrhosis or oncology in the liver. Activate above the prescribed level of cholinesterase can for various diseases, it is a sign of CHD (chronic ischemic heart disease), diabetes is also possible. Cholinesterase is also increased in genetic hepatosis with hyperpigmentation - Gilbert syndrome. It should be noted that cholinesterase in the blood can be absolutely normal with latent hepatitis, which occurs without obvious clinical symptoms. In such cases, a more thorough, detailed diagnosis is needed.
Cholinesterase in the blood, its normal level and changes
The normal level of cholinesterase ranges from 5300 to 12900-13000 units / liter.
Decrease in cholinesterase occurs with all chronic diseases associated with the liver, with developing cirrhosis, after performing surgical operations and prescribing certain medications. Also, a sharp decrease in cholinesterase is possible with acute intoxication, oncoprocesses and myocardial infarction. In addition, in many pregnant women, cholinesterase in the blood is lowered, especially in the third trimester.
The increase in cholinesterase signals about hypertension, possible nephrosis, diabetes of all types, some mental illnesses (MDPs), oncological processes in the mammary glands, acute form of alcohol dependence. In addition, in the first trimester, cholinesterase can be increased in pregnant women, this is considered the norm.
Cholinesterase in the blood - an important biochemical indicator, directly related to other enzymes - transaminases. If cholinesterase is lowered, the activity of transaminases increases, and vice versa. If cholinesterase in the blood is normalized by adequate therapeutic measures, this indicates that the liver function is restored.
What is the role of cholinesterase in the blood?
In recent years, with the help of multiple studies, cholinesterase functions have become more understandable. In addition to the fact that this enzyme actively transmits nerve impulses, more than twenty years ago, another property of CHE - the hydrolysis of excess acetylcholine - was discovered. So, with Alzheimer's disease, when the activity decreases and "exhaustion" of AChE, their function is assumed by pseudocholinesterase.
Serum enzyme can rightly be called protective. Cholinesterase successfully protects the body from various toxins, especially carbamates, organophosphates and others, which, unfortunately, are now present in huge amounts in food (pesticides, nitrates). Also, cholinesterase in the blood cope well with poisoning with strong etheric poisons - sarin and others like it, with an overdose of psychoactive substances. Cocaine intoxication can be neutralized by preparations containing synthetic CHE. Regulation of the state of cell membranes, participation in the formation of peptides (molecular compounds of residual amino acids), metabolism of choline - this is far from a complete list of the functions that carries cholinesterase in the blood.
Where is cholinesterase formed?
Cholinesterase of the second type, that is, whey, is synthesized in the liver, in part it is produced by the pancreas, and cholinesterase enters the bloodstream by excretion by the liver.