The Principles of Design. What are The Principles of Design?. The Principles of Design are the ways that artists use the Elements of Art to create good Compositions (artwork). There are 11 Principles of Design. Balance Contrast EmphasisVariety Unity/HarmonyProportion
The Principles of Design
The Principles of Design are
the ways that artists use the
Elements of Art to create good
This principle of design refers to the visual equalization of the elements in a work of art.
There are three major forms of balance
If you said symmetrical balance, you are correct! If you could visually divide the paper in half. There would be a poppy on both sides. No one side dominates the pictures. Neither poppy appears to be more important than the other.
What type of balance is shown in this painting, Arrangement in Grey and Black: Portrait of the Painter's Mother (commonly known as Whistler’s Mother), by James Whistler?
If you said, asymmetrical balance, you were right! The large form of the woman is "visually equal" to the black curtain and white painting on the wall. This makes the painting appear balanced.
Radial Balance! Look at the spiral or spinning effect of the pattern. The axis is the center point and the design or pattern appears to "radiate" from that point.
George Seurat, (French) 1859-1891, Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grand Jatte
Here the larger figures to the right are balanced by the many smaller figures to the left. Also, Seurat added additional "light" to the left. How does this add balance to the painting?
The monkey and the the cat balance each other out on either side of the woman.
Freda Khalo, Autorretarto con Collre de Espinas y Colibri,
A design principle that emphasizes differences between the art elements.
For example, a painting may have bright colors that contrast with dull colors or angular shapes that contrast with rounded shapes.
Sharp contrast draws attention and can direct a viewer to a focal point within a work of art.
In Spiral of Emotion by Joseph Perkins we see a sharp contrast between darks and lights which he has balanced out with some middle tones.
Marlene Healey, Sections of my Destiny
The principle of design that is concerned with dominance; the development of a main idea or center of interest (also called focal point)
Kandinsky emphasized the large black circle in the upper left corner of his work. The object is different from everything else in the painting and therefore it "stands out".
Goya "lights" up the painting in much the same way a spotlight lights up the actors on a stage. Goya creates a very light value around the area he wants you to see. The man in the white shirt is the focal point of the painting. He uses value contrast to emphasize this area.
Variety is achieved when the art elements are combined in various ways to increase visual interest.
For instance, an assortment of shapes that are of a variety of sizes attracts more attention than an assortment of shapes all the same size.
This principle refers to the visual quality of wholeness or oneness that is achieved through effective use of the elements of art and principles of design
Cezanne used blues, yellows and greens. By using related colors (remember blue and yellow make green), the piece appears to work as a whole.
The relationship in size of one component (part) of a work of art to another
When comparing the size of the objects in the composition, you see that the objects are not too large or too small for each other. They are of a realistic size.
In this case the artist chose to use these "puffed up forms" to exaggerate the size of the people. By showing the figures larger than life size, he is attempting to celebrate the life within, and perhaps to mock their role in the world.
Fernando Botero, A Family
Rhythm refers to a way of utilizing the art elements to produce the look and feel of rhythmic movement with a visual tempo or beat
Possible answers could be:The fish design is repeated over and over.The colors white and orange appear as a pattern.The lines that form the scales of the fish. The black triangles that decorate the backbone of the fish.
Movement is the design principle that uses some of the elements of art to produce the look of action or to cause the viewer’s eye to sweep over the art work in a certain manner.
The swirling motion of the colors in the sky showing the artist's interpretation of wind.The repetition of the brushstrokes and paint dabs. The stars are all yellow and round, vary in size and placement, and have "halos" of light encircling them. Look at the painting and concentrate on how your eyes bounce from one star to another. This is an example of how an artist can create movement in a work of art.
Repetition of an element of art (i.e., shapes, lines, or colors) to achieve decoration or ornamentation.
This decorative wall plaque is a great example of how an artist uses lines and shapes to create patterns.
Artist Unknown,Indonesian, Wall Plaque,
Would this piece be as interesting if the artist had used a solid background rather than this patterned one?
Riffs by Florene
A way of combining art elements so that the same elements are used over and over to achieve balance and harmony.
Ben Shahn has shown repetition in his work, Supermarketby repeating the same subject over and over to create an interesting composition. He used the same type and thickness of line and the same shapes
The Principles of Design are the ways that artists use the Elements of Art to create good Compositions (artwork)