What is bagasse?
Bagasse is the dry pulpy fibrous residue that remains after sugarcane or sorghum stalks are crushed to extract their juice. It is used as a biofuel for the production of heat, energy, and electricity, and in the manufacture of pulp and building materials.
What is Agricultural waste?
Agricultural waste, or agricultural residue, contains all parts of the plant that are released with the processing of agricultural crops like rice, grain, and sugarcane and are not suitable for human nutrition, like stems and leaves. This consists of about 80% of the harvest. The food industry only uses a small part of the agricultural crop. Often, only the seeds, fruits, roots and juices are used, which is about 20% of the plant. Because the vast majority of the plant is not of value to the food industry, we call this agricultural waste or agricultural residue. However, to envoPAP, it is anything but waste. We use it as a raw material for high quality paper and paperboard.
How much agricultural waste becomes available worldwide every year?
The four most cultivated agricultural crops worldwide are rice, grain, corn, and sugarcane. These crops have a total weight of over 16,500 billion kilos per year. About 80% of that weight can be regarded as agricultural waste and becomes available annually.
Is there enough agricultural waste available for the production of paper and paperboard?
In Europe, all people and companies together use approximately 77.4 billion kilograms of paper and cardboard per year. To transport this volume, more than 5 million trucks are needed. To make these 77.4 billion kilograms of paper and carton, we only need about 1.8% of the worldwide available agricultural waste.
Why hasn’t agricultural waste used as a raw material for paper before?
This has to do with paper demand, worldwide population growth, and technical innovation to be able to make high quality paper and paperboard nowadays from agricultural waste. A hundred years ago, paper and paperboard was also made from agricultural waste. However, due to quality aspects, the paper industry at the time switched to virgin wood fibres as raw material. EnvoPAP makes it possible to again use agricultural waste as the most logical raw material for paper and paperboard. This is what we call ‘Wealth from Waste’.
Why do we use agro-waste to make paper?
We know that forests are threatened and endangered around the world, so it is important to us to find alternative materials that do not require virgin forest resources. With bagasse, we can still use high performing disposable "paper" products, but know that we are choosing a product that is made from rapidly renewable and reclaimed sugarcane instead of trees.
Most types of trees in Europe have a growing season of between 25 and 40 years. For pine and spruce, this is between 70 and 80 years. For birches, this is between 35 and 40 years. For eucalyptus trees, this is between 12 and 15 years. In comparison: agricultural land produces at least one harvest per year. Agricultural waste becomes available every year.
Can our paper be recycled?
Our paper is certified to be 100% recyclable by Intertek.
Is envopap better than recycled paper?
EnvoPAP is made with green energy from agricultural waste. This is a clean raw material that does not need to be purified first, like recycled paper. Moreover, natural liquids are released from agricultural waste that are suitable for generating green energy. Environmental research shows that EnvoPAP has 29% less environmental impact than recycled paper. EnvoPAP is well disposed towards recycled paper, as this is also a good example of reusing waste material. EnvoPAP is perfectly suitable for recycling.
Environmental benefit of EnvoPAP with regard to paper made from bamboo or Miscanthus (elephant grass)?
EnvoPAP is made from agricultural waste, with green energy. This residue is largely available every year. Residue that is otherwise taken as waste, will now get a new purpose. It is a secondary raw material. On the other hand, bamboo and miscanthus (elephant grass) is especially grown to be turned into paper, which means it is a primary raw material. Bamboo and miscanthus (elephant grass) have become popular because the growing season is faster than that of trees, but not faster than that of agricultural crops.
Why we don’t have FSC or PEFC or EU Eco Label?
EnvoPAP is made from agricultural waste and with 100% green energy. Using agricultural waste as raw material for quality paper is logical, as well as innovative. It is so innovative that renowned (environmental) organisations such as FSC, PEFC, EU Eco label, and the WWF, do not yet acknowledge this raw material for paper and paperboard as a possibility in their policy. Therefore, EnvoPAP cannot yet be certified for a FSC or an EU Eco label. EnvoPAP leads the way and is, and wants to be, in consultation with all parties to ensure that agricultural waste becomes the new standard for quality paper and (folding) paperboard. Only after that can EnvoPAP certify itself for the established environmental hallmarks.
Why we manufacture in India?
EnvoPAP is made in India where many agricultural crops are grown and processed. The factory is located in the middle of an area where the raw material, the agricultural waste, is released. The factory is a model of innovation and has specialised itself in agricultural waste as raw material for high quality paper, involving many years of research and development.
Why we can’t produce in Europe?
Paper factories in Europe generally use trees as a raw material. Fortunately, they are often FSC or PEFC certified. This raw material is available in abundance here. In addition, large manufacturers are also often owners of forestry companies. Envopap is made in India because this is exactly where many agricultural crops are grown and processed. The envoPAP factory is located in the middle of an area where the raw material, the agricultural waste, is released. The factory is a model of innovation and has specialised itself in agricultural waste as raw material for high quality paper, involving many years of research and development.
Can our paper be composted?
Our paper is certified to be 100% compostable.
Is our paper biodegradable?
Our paper is certified to be 100% biodegradable.
How is it different from conventional FSC paper?
Our paper doesn’t come from sustainably grown forests/trees rather from agro-waste.
What is our writing and printing grade paper made from?
Made from 80% sugarcane fibre and 20% wood pulp.
What is our packaging made from?
Made from 70% sugar cane fibre, 20% wheat/straw fibre and 10% recycled paper fibre.
How is our carbon footprint better than conventional paper and packaging?
Our packaging paper has been found to achieve a 28% carbon footprint saving while our printing grade has been found to achieve a 38% carbon footprint saving compared to equivalent conventional paper and packaging materials.
How is our production process sustainable?
Our entire production process is carbon neutral and certified to be totally chlorine free.
What is carbonless copy paper?
Carbonless copy paper (CCP), non-carbon copy paper, or NCR paper (No CarbonRequired, taken from the initials of its creator, National Cash Register) is a type of coated paper designed to transfer information written on the front onto sheets beneath.
How is envoPAP’s lifecycle assessment?
Envopap paper has been found to have lower environmental impacts in almost every category than conventional paper. For example, fine particulates at 4.0 gPM2.5e is 24% lower, smog formation at 5.2 gNOxe is 14% lower, freshwater eutrophication at 0.07 kgPe is 22% lower, fossil resource consumption at 337 gOile is 28% lower. Envopap packaging paper has been found to have lower environmental impacts in almost every category than conventional paper. For example, fine particulates at 3.4 gPM2.5e is 36% lower, smog formation at 4.6 gNOxe is 25% lower, freshwater eutrophication at 0.07 kgPe is 30% lower, fossil resource consumption at 337 gOile is 31% lower.
Do we offer a jam-free guarantee?
All our products undergo rigorous testing for quality. We guarantee that it will not experience more than one jam in 10,000 sheets on high-speed digital equipment. Thus, a 99.99% Jam-Free Guarantee.
How do we create opportunities for the farmers?
Farm forestry and plantation schemes help local farmers convert deserts to cultivable lands by planting sugarcane. Sugarcane Waste disposal is a big problem for small and medium scale farmers as waste recycling is an additional cost and thus, such farmers tend to burn or dump the sugarcane waste after harvest. This in turn causes air pollution by burning of waste in open.
We source such Bagasse Fibres from farmers without adding any cost to the farmers. Pulp mills utilise fair-trade practices whilst sourcing Bagasse from the farmers. The sourced bagasse is then directly transferred to the Pulp Mills for generation of Bagasse Pulp for making paper. This in turn provides the farmers with Additional income which is the most important factor for Paper Plus as it is our mission to help farmers. It is our action plan to help farmers to grow more, sell more and sell for more and thus help rural families to grow their incomes while also protecting the environment for generations to come.
What is pulp?
Pulp is typically made from trees (wood fibre), where wood chips are broken down and mixed with additives to make the typical paper you know today. However, our pulp is made from primary sugar cane waste, or bagasse, to create a more eco friendly paper.
What kinds of products are made from pulp?
Pulp is the base material for almost all paper products— from printing paper and envelopes to gift wrapping paper and even clothing tags. At envoPAP, we strive ourselves to develop new and innovative ways to use our sustainable materials in all consumer goods products.
Absolute/relative moisture: The absolute moisture of the air is the maximum amount of water vapour which the air can contain before the excess water is released as dew or frost. Absolute moisture is measured in grams per cubic metre. As the temperature falls the air contains less water in grams at the same relative moisture.
To understand why the air may be drier or damper, we can consider why someone's beard becomes frosty on a cold winter day, when the air seems to be dry, while water evaporates when we sit in a damp sauna.
Ash content: It is a measure of the inorganic filler or coating content of paper, including calcium carbonate, china clay and titanium dioxide. Ash content is determined on oven dried samples which are heated to 525°C (or 900°C) to ensure that all the combustible cellulose material is consumed.
Bleed: Where the printing on a piece goes all the way to the edge of the paper – accomplished by printing beyond the margins of the piece and then trimming to the margin.
Brightness: one of the most important characteristics of paper. Very often brightness is held to be the sole measure of quality, but for overall quality the matter is not so simple. For example, opacity generally weakens with an increase in brightness.
The appearance of brightness depends on the nature of the light falling on the paper, that is the distribution of the light's wavelength. For this reason, comparison of the brightness of different papers must be carried out in the same place or with the same measuring equipment. Brightness is now a days measured with a spectrophotometer which can be used in accordance with different standards (DIN, ISO, SCAN and TAPPI). The same apparatus can be used to determine paper shade and opacity. The best meter for brightness and shade is, however, the human eye.
Bagasse: It is the heterogeneous fibrous residue that remains after sugarcane stalks are crushed for sugar extraction. Typically, from processing 100 tons of sugarcane in a factory, 30–34 tons of bagasse is obtained.
Bulk: expresses the specific volume of a material; it is the inverse of density.
bulk = 1 / density = (cm²/g)
In the paper trade bulk is a more commonly used measure than density to indicating the "compactness" of paper. Bulk can be calculated by dividing the thickness of a sheet by its basis weight. In some connections, bulk is used to express the thickness of paper or board according to the following equation:
bulk x basis weight = thickness
Bleaching: At the end of screening, colour of pulp is brown. The pulp needs to be bleached for maximum whiteness and brightness. This is done in 4 stages namely Chlorine Dioxide, Extraction, Peroxide, Chlorine dioxide. The process of bleaching in pulp mill is a gradual process-EO-DI D0-D2, which is the non-EFC (Elementary Chlorine Free) bleaching process by which chlorine is used in the form of other compounds that chlorine dioxide so as to reduce the level of pollution.
Copy Paper: paper specially prepared for the writing of advertising copy, newspaper copy, etc., usually having guidelines to indicate margins and the number of spaces per line. This is the paper you use to print on.
Coater: Coating is applied on the Board through Coater.
Colouring: Dyes and Colours are added to manufacture coloured paper. There are three types of dyes normally used: acid dyes, basic dyes and direct dyes.
Calendaring: After the sheet is dried, it is passed through a stack of heavy metal rolls, where it is calenderised under high pressure. The purpose of calendaring is to smooth down the felt and wire marks, to remove cockle and to level off lumpy formation and to make sheet of uniform caliper.
Cobb: The Cobb test determines the amount of water absorbed into the surface by a sized paper and paperboard sample in a set period, usually 60 or 180 seconds (Cobb60 or Cobb180). The water absorbency of a material can have strong influence on printability and the setting rate of water-based adhesives.
Density: the specific weight of a material. Lead is denser than cotton wool: a cubic metre of (m²) of lead weighs more than a cubic metre of cotton wool. The density of water is 1000 kg/m². When the density of a material is less than that of water, the material will float on the water's surface and will not sink. Paper density expresses how compact the paper is. Paper density is calculated from the basis weight and the thickness as follows:
Density = w/thickness = (gsm) where w is the basis weight.
Depithing: It is the process whereby the short pith material is separated from the rest of the bagasse. Without depithing, it is virtually impossible to create a sheet of paper in Paper machines due to extremely poor pulp freeness.
ECF Bleaching: In the past chlorine gas, or elemental chlorine, was used to bleach papers and so increase their whiteness. This caused environmental problems because chlorine is toxic and the effluent from paper mills was detrimental to aquatic life and water quality. To overcome the problem the paper industry invested heavily in alternative methods of bleaching. Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) bleaching doesn’t use chlorine gas but instead utilises chlorine dioxide, which is much safer.
Freeness: It can be defined as the water holding capacity of fibre. Increase of beating and refining improves bursting strength, folding endurance, smoothness, formation and other strength properties.
Fourdrinier machine: It may be MF machine or MG Machine (Yankee or combined machine). Fourdrinier machines are characterised at the wet end by a head box which delivers stock to a moving woven-wire part belt supported by table rolls suction boxes .
Gloss: expresses the amount of directed light that is reflected in a certain direction. The glossier the paper, the better the image reproduction.
Grammage: The basis weight or grammage of the paper indicates how many grams one square metre (1m x 1m = 1m²) weights. The DIN size A0 is 841 x 189 mm, which is almost exactly one square metre and equivalent to 16 A4 sheets. The grammage is obtained by weighting 16 A4 sheets.
Newsprint normally weighs 45 gsm and copying paper 80 gsm. If the weight is 200 gsm or more the paper is called board. Board can weight 400 - 2400 gsm. The grammage of an ordinary writing pad backing board is 400 grams.
Humidity: Paper is a very living material. Variations in humidity and temperature has a great effect on it.
Therefore it is important to know how the paper will react to the characteristics of the surrounding air. If the surrounding air is more humid than the paper, the paper fibres absorb the humidity and swell. If the air is dryer than the paper, the paper fibres absorb the humidity and swell. If the air is dryer than the paper, the paper fibres release its own moisture and shrinks.
Inkjet printer: Creates images by ejecting tiny droplets of ink onto paper.
ISO: International Organisation for Standardisation. An international organisation that has approved a range of standards extensively used in industry.
ISO 9001: An international series of standards covering quality management and quality assurance. The Finnish equivalent are ISO standards coded SFS-EN.
ISO 14001:An international series of environment-related standards.
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Kraft Paper: strong wrapping paper, made from pulp processed with a sulphate solution. Used to make packaging and cardboard boxes.
Laser printer: A high quality image printing system using a laser beam to produce an image on a photosensitive drum. The image is transferred onto paper by a conventional xerographic printing process.
Moisture: It is measured by the online testing. The moisture content is also checked daily in the laboratory with a measuring device hot air oven determine the moisture .
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Offset Paper: Paper with a certain degree of porosity as a result of coating with an alkali-swelling resin; used for offset printing, to make envelopes and so forth.
Opacity: Measures the transparency of paper. Paper with poor opacity is relatively transparent. Paper with high opacity is not transparent at all.
Online testing: It is used to measure the most important properties of the paper and paperboard.The measuring head of the process computer measures basis weight, caliper and moisture continuously from every machine reel.
Paper Grades: Paper is classified into different grades according to the end use, the pulp used and the treatment of the paper.
Pre-Calender : Paper passes through this nip for uniform Caliper.
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Ream: A term denoting a number of sheets of paper ranging from 480 to 516, most commonly 500.
Roughness: The structure of the surface of paper varies in just the same way as the surface of the landscape. For example, the pinholes between fibres in uncoated paper are relatively very large like the distances between valleys and mountains, where as the glossy surface of coated paper, with its smaller irregularities, is considerably smoother. The term roughness is usually only used in relation to uncoated paper.
Refining: It is the operation of mechanically treating the pulp fibres. Refining usually refers to fibre separation, cutting and fibrillation fibre.
Reeling: The final paper and board having moisture of 4 - 6percent is reeled on pope reeler. The empty shell on which paper and board of reeled rests on the drum and driven round by virtue of the surface friction between them. The full roll of paper or board is removed by crane for rewinder / cutter.
Screening of Bagasse: Bagasse pulp screening is of low concentration screening system. The screening system is consisting of CX screener and low concentration grit separator.
Size Press: Starch is applied on the board through this press for dimensional stability.
Soft Calendar: Paper passes through this nip for uniform Caliper and Smoothness.
Starch & Gums: Starch and Gums are used for improving physical strength properties of paper and board due to better bonding of fibres.
Stiffness: It is determined by measuring the bending force required to deflect a sample from its original position when one end of the sample has been anchored.
Smoothness: In the Parker Print Surface (PPS) smoothness test, smoothness is defined as the average distance between the paperboard surface and a metallic ring pressed against the sample under specified conditions. Air flows inside the metal ring. The air leakage between the metal ring and the sample is measured by a flow meter, which converts the value to µm.The PPS smoothness testing method provides more information about micro-scale roughness than the Bendtsen method.
Thickness: Measured in microns, or thousandths of a millimetre. The thickness of different paper qualities. Newsprint 45 gsm about 70 microns copying paper 80 gsm about 100 microns thin cardboard 180 gsm about 200 microns pad cardboard 400 gsm about 600 microns. In everyday use we choose paper by its basis weight and cardboard by its thickness.
Tear Strength: A measure of how likely a substrate will continue to tear once started. Tear strength will differ with and against the grain (in the case of paper).
Totally Chlorine Free (TCF) bleaching: It typically uses hydrogen peroxide or ozone instead of chlorine. One of the measures of the toxic effect bleaching has on effluent is the AOX level. This is expressed as kg per tonne of pulp produced, with the lower the figure the better. ECF bleaching will have an AOX level no higher than 0.5kg/tonne and TCF will a have a zero AOX level.
Tear Factor: The tear strength of paper means the resistance of a paper sheet to tearing force that it is subjected to. It is another important basic physical property of paper . It is measured in both machine direction (MD) & cross direction (CD) and expressed as mN (mili Newton). Tear Factor = Tearing Strength/GSM.
Tensile Strength: The tensile strength is the maximum stress to break a strip of paper sheet. It is one of the most important basic physical properties of paper and paperboard. The tensile strength is different basis on fiber direction.
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Whiteness: The visual appearance of white paper, especially when it contains fluorescent whitening agents. It is based on reflectance data obtained over the full visual spectrum.
Washing of Bagasse: Washing equipment for bagasse usually uses vacuum drum washer. With the advantages of low cost, easy operation and high extraction of black liquor.
Whitening Agent: This compound also called optical whitener, optical bleaching agents. The compound when added to paper and board, it absorbs light in the Ultraviolet range and reemits it in the visible range, thus making the paper appear whiter.
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Yield: The square inches per one pound of a material. For example, if one pound of material has 41,000 square inches, then 100 pounds of the same material will have 4,100,000 square inches. Formulas:
Total square inches = pounds
Total square inches = yield
Pounds x Yield = Total square inches
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