Attention grabbers are techniques you use at the very beginning of an essay as a means to hook your readers' attention and get them interested in your topic. You can use one of several techniques, such as a surprising statistic, a generalization or even a story. However, no matter which method you use, you need to make sure that your hook either supports your thesis or provides an opposing stance to which you can argue.
One effective way to grab your reader's attention is to issue a general statement about your subject as a pathway into the argument. Consider the following thesis: "Because recycling technology isn't yet cost effective, we'd be better off relying on traditional garbage disposal while using funds currently allocated for recycling to develop new, efficient recycling technology." You could open with a generalization, such as "We can all agree that recycling is a good idea." A statement like this aligns your sensibilities with your reader's, and simultaneously introduces your subject in a way that leads you into an argument that will challenge the way readers think about recycling.
Surprising facts work as attention grabbers because they teach the reader something interesting and unexpected. These facts can take the form of statistics, or obscure information related to your subject. For example, if your essay argues that higher education is a waste of money, you could open with a statistic about the staggering number of college graduates who can't find employment within their fields of study. Remember, if you're going to use a surprising fact or statistic, make sure it works to support your thesis, and isn't just an unrelated gimmick to get your reader's attention.
Quotations, like surprising facts, are effective for engaging your reader with the subject of your argument, and make the reader feel as though they've been dropped right into a conversation about the topic. Using quotations also bolsters your credibility because you are citing an outside source to help prove your thesis. When quoting somebody directly, make sure to place their words in quotation marks, and attribute the quote to its source. For example, if you are writing an essay arguing that the U.S. government should increase funding for NASA to search for alien life on distant planets, you might open with the following quote and attribution: "'To confine our attention to terrestrial matters would be to limit the human spirit.' These were Dr. Stephen Hawking's words regarding our need to explore the cosmos."
Perhaps the most effective method of grabbing a reader's attention is to use an anecdote. Anecdotes are short stories that illustrate a point. When used properly, they can captivate your audience, and even make them forget they're reading an essay. When opening with a story, start right in the middle of a scene. Use descriptive language to paint the setting, and strong verbs to describe the actions so your reader can experience the events as though they were reading a novel. Furthermore, don't tell readers how they should feel about the anecdote, show them in a way that allows them to figure out the theme for themselves. For example, if you're writing a personal essay about how your brother always stole from your family and made life difficult, don't say that he's a thief; show him stealing something.
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