COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEM PDF
Chapter (PDF Available) · November with 60, Reads It includes an introduction to Operating system (OS): Computer system. This course aims to: – explain the structure and functions of an operating system, Acts as an intermediary between the user(s) and the computer. • Objectives. Lecture 1: Introduction to Operating Systems. • An operating system is a program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer.
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There are many different examples of operating systems a brief look at some of the major components of a computer that an operating system must be. An Operating System, or. OS, is low-level software that enables a user and higher -level application software to interact with a computer's hardware and the data. An operating system (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer concepts, then we will suggest to go through our short tutorial on Computer.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Further information: History of IBM mainframe operating systems. See also: Main article: Network operating system. Retrieved It uses different abstractions, and system calls , some with names matching those of Unix, but different semantics.
Retrieved 24 July Windows 3. This version was so popular that it stayed on the market for eleven years. The next big improvement came with Windows 95, which expanded from bit to bit short for binary digit. Windows was known for its increase in plug-in devices that were congruent with the operating system.
Windows XP, or Windows , included a comprehensive help center to allow users to utilize different types of media and was designed mostly for user ease and convenience . The main feature of Windows Vista is the Instant Search at the bottom of the start menu. Then Windows 7 came out and the improvements were mainly to make it faster and easier to use.
The most recent version of Windows is Windows Windows 10 came out late July The new Windows will allow you do to more than one thing at once.
It also allows for a new way to search and there is a way to open the Windows store from your home page. Screenshot of Microsoft Windows 1.
There are many different branches stemming from the Mac OS X family. It was primarily based off of UNIX because of its standard interface and graphics look. Mac OS has capabilities of multithreading and multitasking. It also has a bit processor that runs with applications used with bit software.
The many great features of Mac OS X creates an easy working environment for students, teachers, and parents to easily access many files. Mac OS is also known for its great graphic features that are popular to artsy users. Apple launched a new operating system in titled OS X Yosemite, which features a redesigned interface as well as multiple ways for users to perform activities across their Apple devices .
UNIX can support systems ranging from microcomputers to mainframes, along with various devices. Because UNIX is used for an assortment of categories of computers, this is a great advantage.
However, it is more expensive than most operating systems, and is very difficult to maintain upgrades.
operating system (OS)
It allowed for one open consensus specification that is the requirement for the UNIX systems. UNIX was one of the first operating systems to be written in a high-level programming language and could possibly be installed on any computer. This high-level programming language was also developed by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Labs, which allows a more flexible language to be used in various applications thus being very beneficial for businesses.
It being inexpensive allowed for many people to be a big fan of UNIX and actually many universities use it for that reason. It never really took off in the home computer business but for workstations it tends to be the number one choice.
The source language was open so if anyone got a hold of it they could change it to fit their own needs the best. It is very similar to other operating systems, such as Windows and OS X  and a source is available to the public, to which users can download Linux via the Internet and have the capability to run another operating system on their PC or Mac. No other company has done this before. The system has primary three components: Kernel the core part of Linux , system library special functions or programs , and system utility responsible to do specialized, individual level tasks.
Linux is one of the leading operating system on servers, mainframe computers and supercomputers. The system is widely used by local and national governments. Collaborators of Linux are continually making improvements to the system. Chrome OS[ edit ] Chrome OS is an open-source operating system created by Google to create a better computing experience for people who spend most of their time on the web.
The main reason the Chrome OS differs from other operating systems is that it allows for user data and applications to reside in the cloud, taking up less space on the computer hardware. By not storing files and data on the system it allows the Chromebooks to boot up faster. Which in return helps prevent viruses; making it an overall more secure and efficient laptop.
Because of this, many Chromebooks only contain the same amount of memory and RAM as the average smartphone, Google, however, supplies each user with one-hundred gigabytes of Google Drive cloud storage for up to two years. Acer AC Chromebook There are many things one should consider when purchasing a computer. One of the biggest factors one should be aware of is what operating system the computer uses.
If one is looking into a smaller laptop computer, they might consider a Google Chromebook, which uses Chrome OS.
Timeline of operating systems
Like all operating systems, Chrome OS has both advantages and disadvantages. One positive feature is that Chrome OS is based on Linux, which is virtually virus free, which means users will be safer from threats.
Another great feature is its ability for fast boot times, generally loading in just under ten seconds. One of the cons of this operating system is that it does not allow installation of new apps.
Users must use web-based apps instead, which they can get in the Chrome Web store. Another feature that the Chromebook is lacking is a user friendly printing option. In order to print something, one must have a Cloud Print Ready Printer.
It lacks the convenience to simply plug it in to an existing printer and print, which could become an annoyance. Another feature that may seem inconvenient is that Chromebooks require internet access to do most of its work.
Users that have tasks such as editing video or making movies may find that a Chromebook is not for them. It seems there are advantages and disadvantages for Chrome OS, and one should take them into consideration when deciding which operating system will suit their needs best.
Operating Systems for Mobile Phones[ edit ] There are many different operating systems for mobile phones and devices but most six stand out as being most used. Android[ edit ] One of the most widely used mobile OS these days is Android. Later Android Inc.
Operating System Introduction
The operating system has developed a lot in the last 15 years starting from black and white phones to recent smart phones or mini computers. After original release there have been number of updates in the original version of Android. The android is a powerful operating system and supports a large number of applications in Smartphones.
These applications are more comfortable and advanced for the users. The hardware that supports android software is based on ARM architecture platform.
The android has millions of apps available that can help you managing your life in one way or another and it is available at low cost market making android very popular to its consumers. Android's worldwide market rose significantly and now reaches Asha[ edit ] Asha is used by Nokia phones.
These smartphones are on the lower end when it comes to software and component capability. Because of the low capability, Nokia smartphones are usually the cheapest which makes them able to compete with higher end smartphones.
This is a closed source operating system for smartphone and tablet devices. The BlackBerry operating system has all of the same features a smart phone does: email access, web browsing, phone calls, play music and video, and send and receive text messages.
Most models are not touch screen, with the exception of the Storm and the Torch. Instead of a touch screen, a trackball or track pad is the hardware used for navigation. Because there is no touch screen, the operating system does not require that much battery life to process so the phone stays on longer than others. The BlackBerry button is designed for easy integration, such as sharing a photo via email. This system is geared toward communications rather than games and apps. One drawback to this type of smart phone is how limited the customization is.
Only the wallpaper and the function of a few buttons can be changed. Overall this operating system is easy for productivity, but falls behind its competitors in a wide selection of applications. This operating system is closed source and not until iOS 2.
Prior to this update, jailbreaking was the only way to allow third party applications access to a user's iOS device. As of September , iOS is in its 9th iteration. This being said, it was created as an OS for mobile devices, and thus was designed primarily for consuming content as opposed to creating content.
The latest version includes the ability to split screen multi task on to applications at the same time, similar to a laptop. In addition, it includes new built application as well as upgrades to existing applications. Apple Maps now includes public transportation, and more apps can integrate with the cloud.
Single-user, single-tasking operating system: As the name implies, this operating system is designed to manage the computer so that one user can effectively do one thing at a time. The Palm O. Single-user, multi-tasking operating system: This is the type of operating system most people use on there desktop and laptop computers today. Windows 98 and the Mac O. Multi-user operating systems: A multi-user operating system allows many different users to take advantage of the computer's resources simultaneously.
It's important to differentiate here between multi-user operating systems and single-user operating systems that support networking. The system administrator is the only user for Windows or Netware. The network support and the entire remote user logins the network enables are, in the overall plan of the operating system, a program being run by the administrative user. Types of Operating Systems Uploaded by qscftbhnskmjjn.
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Operating Systems: Jump to Page. Search inside document. Types of Operating Systems Within the broad family of operating systems, there are generally four types, categorized based on the types of computers they control and the sort of applications they support.
The categories are: Photo courtesy Apple Mac OS X Panther screen shot It's important to differentiate between multi-user operating systems and single-user operating systems that support networking. Operating system types As computers have progressed and developed so have the types of operating systems.
System 7. Linux Unix Windows Multiprocessing - An operating system capable of supporting and utilizing more than one computer processor. Linux Unix Windows Multitasking - An operating system that is capable of allowing multiple software processes to run at the same time. Unix Windows Multithreading - Operating systems that allow different parts of a software program to run concurrently. Operating systems that would fall into this category are: Linux Unix Windows Types of Operating systems Within the broad family of operating systems, there are generally four types, categorized based on the types of computers they control and the sort of applications they support.
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Popular in Computer Engineering. Paulo Castro.For Windows users, these compressed files usually have the. Tonight" , Apple Inc. System programs run on top of the kernel. Instead of a touch screen, a trackball or track pad is the hardware used for navigation.
Windows 8 Windows Phone 8. Android[ edit ] One of the most widely used mobile OS these days is Android.
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