In the 1400s, the Portuguese crown explored the African coast. During this period, commonly regarded as portending the age of "Exploration and Discovery and European Colonialism," the kings of various European nations sought justification for their actions to legitimize their new found prizes and trail way to wealth.
After the European invasion of America in 1492, Native Americans--Indigenous (Black) People present in what we now know as the US were enslaved by Europeans who conquered the land. During this era, a "depopulating" of America occurred. Because of the depopulation and dying off of Indigenous people, a shortage of free labor occurred, and the Europeans came up with an idea to start the Atlantic African slave trade to increase the dwindling slave numbers. Five Hundred Thousand (500,000) slaves were transported to the United States from Africa during the 310-year Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. The question here is who were the 600,000 slaves that were reported in the Colonies between 1607 (Virginia) and (1733) Georgia before the slave trade got into full-swing? African people transported here plus the number of enslaved must have been counted in the slave number count before the arrival of slaves from Africa. If only 500,000 slaves were imported from slave slips over the 310-year period, does that account for the 4,500,000 slaves freed after the Civil War?
Black Indigenous Americans owned one million square miles of land in the Louisiana Territories and the South Eastern/Florida region, as well as California. In all areas of the U.S., Black American Nations existed before Columbus arrived. The indigenous people found themselves targeted for enslavement due to the Papal Edict (Catholic Church) giving the Christian nations of Europe the go-ahead to make slaves of all descendants of Ham found in the newly discovered lands of the Americas. If Europeans got the go-ahead to enslave all of Ham's descendants, wouldn't it make sense the Native Americans they enslaved looked like the Africans brought on ships during the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Era?
That's why the numbers don't add up!
Black Indigenous Americans were captured during warfare and enslaved. Puritan New England, Virginia, Spanish Florida, and the Carolina colonies engaged in large-scale enslavement of Native Americans, often through the use of Indian proxies to wage war giving them exact acquisition to Natives making it easier to enslave. In New England, slave raiding accompanied the Pequot War and King Philip's War, but declined after the latter war ended in 1676. Enslaved Indians (Native Americans) were in Jamestown from the early years of the settlement, but large-scale cooperation between English slavers and the Westo and Occaneechi peoples, whom they armed with guns, did not begin until the 1640s. The Carolina slave trade, which included both trading and direct raids by colonists, was the largest among the British colonies in North America estimated at 24,000 to 51,000 Native Americans.
According to US History books, 12,000,000 slaves were transported to North, Central and South America, but only 10,240,000 survived. Statistical evidence claims there were 366,000 slaves transported to the United States after the 310-year slave trade, but over 4,500,000 slaves were present on US soil and freed after the Civil War. Doesn’t that leave a little over 3.5 million slaves not accounted for unless there was that many births? Wouldn't every woman have to give birth to 10 children in her lifetime? Maybe that accounts for the millions of people who "crossed the color line."
While many Africans were kidnapped in Africa, many West Africans had a number of kingdoms and empires in the Southern parts of the U.S. They were captured, had lands taken and tribe members sold into slavery. The Africans present had a continuing connection with West Africa including trade and commerce on the very eve of European invasion to the Americas. As recently as the 1800s, the U.S. fought with a Black nation in California called the ’Black Californians." That Black nation ended up on slave plantations in the U.S., and some sent to salt mines in Mexico.
The French and Spanish have documentation on the Black Washitaw Nation who once owned much of the annexed Louisiana Territories. In fact, the Washitaw Nation regard the states of Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma and Mississippi as Washitaw Proper. The Washitaw Nation is recognized by nations around the world as one of the most ancient nations in the Americas.
Present states included in part or whole of the Louisiana Purchase were: Arkansas, Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. Present states that were included in part or whole of the Louisiana Purchase were: Arkansas, Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming.
Toussaint L’Ouverture (leader of Haitian Revolution) brought the pressure to Napoleon Bonaparte causing Napoleon to sell Louisiana to the United States for two cents per acre. Thomas Jefferson (Third President) was negotiating with the French to purchase New Orleans for an estimated price of ten million dollars. Jefferson wanted control of the port at New Orleans where millions of dollars in exports was leaving its shores and making America wealthy. In 1804, Toussaint L´Ouverture drove Napoleon Bonaparte's French Army from Haiti. This was the world's first successful slave revolt. For this revolt, Haiti continues to pay for the rebellion. Haiti's independence was ignored until the 1860's. In the 18th century, Haiti was the richest colony in the New World. Now it is the poorest nation in the Western Hemisphere.
Napoleon came to power in 1799. Dreaming of a renewed French empire, he secured the return of the Louisiana territory from Spain via the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso the following year, and through other agreements. These pacts were initially secret, and newly inaugurated American President Thomas Jefferson learned of them in 1801. Fearing that the port of New Orleans would be closed to American shipping, he sent former Virginia senator James Monroe to France to assist American Minister Robert Livingston in purchasing the lower Mississippi; Congress appropriated $2 million for the purpose. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States, and this land belonged to the Washitaw Nation. Napoleon lost a fierce battle in Saint-Dominique (present-day Haiti) to L'Ouverture that took up much needed resources and cut off the connection to the ports of North America’s southern coast.
When the Americans met with Napoleon, they found that the emperor desired to sell the entire territory, much of which was unmapped and unexplored by White men; Napoleon was faced with defeat in revolting Haiti and feared that the British would capture New Orleans, meaning he would lose Louisiana with no compensation. After some haggling, they agreed on a price of 60 million francs, plus 20 million more to pay claims by American citizens against France—a total of some $15 million, which paid for some 828,500 square miles (2,146,000 km2) of land. The treaty was signed on April 30, 1803, and, although there was some question as to whether there was constitutional power for such a purchase, the American Senate ratified the treaty on October 20, 1803. The United States took formal possession two months later. President Jefferson started the government sponsored Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore the Western Part of the US and its Indian Territories.
The trend exists today to negate the Native American DNA with Indigenous Americans. A recent study from the University of Pittsburgh (2008) completed a Native American DNA comparison to find out how many African Americans had Native American Genes. The research study validated that only 4% of African Americans carry the Native American gene. The study negates or disclaims the oral tradition of Native American/Negroid connection that has been going on for centuries. In the 1950s, 83% of all African Americans had Native American blood running through their veins.
Remember, Europe had brown skin just 6,000 years ago according to a study from Scientific American. The progression of losing skin color in humans called “differentiation” and came about because of a sudden onslaught of the returning Ice Age in Europe lasting 8,000 – 12,000 years. The Ice Age caused the loss of sunlight and lack of Vitamin-D to inland people. European phenotypes appeared around 6,000 to 8,000 B.C. and Oriental phenotypes about 8,000 B.C. This also confirms Anta Diop's studies of Orientals as the admixture of Black and White. White skin is a genetic mutation when both parents carry the recessive gene incapable of producing melanin in the skin, hair, eyes and occurs more often in Africa than any other continents. Dated archeological remains of people found throughout the Americas (North, Central, and South) were present before White skin appeared on Earth. White skin did not appear on Earth until 6,000 years ago. Archaeologists have found skeletal remains of African and Asian Black people from Argentina to Chile ranging in age between 20,000 and 40,000 years referred to as Amerindians.
Genomic (chromosome) evidence indicates the Amer/Indians Gene B, C, and D are descended from African females before they migrated out of Africa 40,000 years ago. Evidence of the Black presence in America exists because of relationships between the Amerindians and African family of languages, artifacts left behind, and from the mere fact Africans were the only ones in existence in that period of time.