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1. pertaining to or fulfilling a function.
2. affecting the function but not the structure.
functional disease (functional disorder) a disease or disorder of physiological function having no known organic basis. Although not strictly correct, the term is often used in psychiatry for disorders that are psychogenic and in other branches of medicine to refer to any that are idiopathic.
functional method a type of nursing care delivery system; see nursing practice.
a disorder characterized by physical symptoms with no known or detectable organic basis. See: behavior disorder, neurosis.
1 a disease that affects function or performance.
2 a condition marked by signs or symptoms of an organic disease or disorder although careful examination fails to reveal any evidence of structural or physiological abnormalities. The symptoms of a functional disorder are as real as those of an organic disease. Headache, impotence, certain heart murmurs, and constipation may be symptoms either of organic disease or of functional disease.
func·tion·al dis·or·der, functional disease (fŭngk'shŭn-ăl dis-ōr'dĕr, di-zēz')
Disease characterized by physical symptoms with no known or detectable organic basis.
traditionally defined as a finite abnormality of structure or function with an identifiable pathological or clinicopathological basis, and with a recognizable syndrome or constellation of clinical signs.
This definition has long since been widened to embrace subclinical diseases in which there is no tangible clinical syndrome but which are identifiable by chemical, hematological, biophysical, microbiological or immunological means. The definition is used even more widely to include failure to produce at expected levels in the presence of normal levels of nutritional supply and environmental quality. It is to be expected that the detection of residues of disqualifying chemicals in foods of animal origin will also come to be included within the scope of disease.
For specific diseases see under the specific name, e.g. Aujeszsky's disease, Bang's disease, foot-and-mouth disease.
the causative agent is transmitted via the air without the need for intervention by other medium. See also wind-borne disease.
see clinical (3).
a group of animals with the same disease occurs at an unusual level of prevalence for the population as a whole. The cluster may be in space, with high concentrations in particular localities, or in time, with high concentrations in particular seasons or in particular years.
infectious disease in which the causative agents may pass or be carried from one animal to another directly or indirectly on inanimate objects or via vectors.
one that occurs in the course of some other disease as a complication.
one involving a system of organs or one with widespread signs.
see communicable disease (above).
reducing the prevalence of a disease in a population, including eradication, by chemical, pharmaceutical, quarantine, management including culling, or other means or combinations of means.
disease control programs
organized routines specifying agents, administration, time and personnel allocations, community support, funding, participation of corporate or government agencies, animal and animal product disposal.
a condition due to dietary or metabolic deficiency, including all diseases caused by an insufficient supply of essential nutrients.
degenerative joint disease
see degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis.
any condition characterized by destruction of myelin.
any variable associated with a disease which, if removed or altered, results in a change in the incidence of the disease.
an infectious disease of birds in which the agent is spread via the egg.
environmental disease control
control by changing the environment, e.g. draining a swamp, ventilating a barn.
etiological disease classification
diseases arranged in the order of their etiological agents, e.g. bacterial, mycoplasma.
a disease that does not occur in the subject country. Said of infectious diseases that may be introduced, e.g. rabies is exotic to the UK, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia is exotic to the USA.
a localized disease.
an explosive outbreak in a group or a rapidly developing, peracute development of a disease in an individual. Called also fulminating.
any disease involving body functions but not associated with detectable organic lesion or change.
one involving all or many body systems; often said of infectious diseases in which there is spread via the bloodstream. See also systemic disease (below).
any of a group of genetically determined disorders of glycogen metabolism, marked by abnormal storage of glycogen in the body tissues. See also glycogen storage disease.
heavy chain disease
see heavy-chain disease.
hemolytic disease of newborn
see alloimmune hemolytic anemia of the newborn.
hemorrhagic disease of newborn
see neonatal hemorrhagic disease.
that part of a patient's history which relates only to the disease from which the patient is suffering.
most animals in the population are affected.
the rate of infection is steady but high.
the rate of infection is steady and only a few animals are infected.
immune complex disease
see immune complex disease.
one caused by small living organisms including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and metazoan parasites. It may be contagious in origin, result from nosocomial infections or be due to endogenous microflora of the nose and throat, skin or bowel. See also communicable disease (above).
manifestational disease classification
diseases arranged in the order of their clinical signs, epidemiological characteristics, necropsy lesions, e.g. sudden death diseases.
the disease occurs at an even rate and a moderate proportion of animals are infected.
see metabolic diseases.
any disease in which the pathogenesis can be traced to a single, precise chemical alteration, usually of a protein, which is either abnormal in structure or present in reduced amounts. The corresponding defect in the DNA coding for the protein may also be known.
1. a number of causative agents are needed to combine to cause the disease.
2. the same disease can be caused by a number of different agents.
see multicausal disease (above).
disease not previously recorded. May be variants on an existing disease, e.g. infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, or escapes from other species, e.g. the Marburg virus disease of humans.
a disease of which any occurrence is required by law to be notified to government authorities.
see organic disease.
a very widespread epidemic involving several countries or an entire continent.
a disease which the law requires to be restricted in its spread by putting the affected animals, farms or properties on which it occurs in quarantine.
see notifiable disease (above).
any animal or fomite in which an infectious disease agent is preserved in a viable state or multiplies and upon which it may depend for survival.
1. a disease subsequent to or a consequence of another disease or condition.
2. a condition due to introduction of incompatible, immunologically competent cells into a host rendered incapable of rejecting them by heavy exposure to ionizing radiation.
disease limited in its occurrence to one or other sex. See also sex-linked.
sexually transmitted disease (STD)
a disease that can be acquired by sexual intercourse.
slaughter disease control
see slaughter (2).
see storage disease.
sufficiently widespread in the body to cause clinical signs referable to any organ or system, and in which localization of infection may occur in any organ.
interaction between the host, the disease agent, and the environment.
loss of income generated by production of milk, eggs, fiber, or loss of capital value because of diminution in the patient's value.
any disease marked especially by progressive emaciation and weakness.
disease capable of spread from animals to humans. See also zoonosis.
pertaining to or fulfilling a function; affecting the function but not the structure. A common qualification when no lesion is found to explain or justify a diagnosis.
functional alveolar emphysema
reversible, uncomplicated bronchiolitis.
blindness in the absence of a lesion, e.g. in nervous acetonemia, pregnancy toxemia.
colic in the absence of a structural fault, e.g. spasmodic colic, paralytic ileus.
a disease involving body functions but having no known organic basis.
see paralytic ileus.
functional residual capacity (FRC)
the amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration. Called also FRC, functional residual capacity.
those producing an active substance, usually found in glandular tissue, e.g. pituitary, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid. Because such activity is autonomous and not subject to the normal feedback mechanisms, a syndrome resembling hyperactivity of the gland results, e.g. primary hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism.