Prelab Images - Joints of the Upper & Lower Limbs
Prelab should consist of reading the lab manual and dissector answers and viewing the dissection video. To begin your study, you may find it useful to look over the Netter's or LWW Atlas images listed below.Step 1. Plastinated specimens are available for this dissection.
Observe plastinated specimens.Step 2. Dissect one limb only, review as dissecting.
Dissect one upper and one lower limb only, preserving the other side for review.Step 3. Open the ankle by removing the anterior and posterior capsules. (Play movie)
To view the ankle joint you will need to remove all the tendons that cross it in plate N529 and N530 or TG3-35 and TG3-45. Plate N514 or TG3-30 shows the interosseous membrane. Plates N514, N525, and N527 or TG3-60A and TG3-60B label the anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments. In plate N496 (inferior view picture) you should see some fibers connecting the fibula to the tibia directly (in between the two bones, not wrapping around them like the anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments), but these are not pictured in Netter's atlas. Plate N527 or TG3-60A and TG3-60B show the deltoid (medial) and lateral (anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, and posterior talofibular) ligaments of the ankle joint, which you should be able to see after removing the muscles and their fascia. Remove the capsule from the anterior and posterior ankle joint while preserving these ligaments. Plate N525 (posterior view) and plate N527 or TG3-60A and TG3-60B shows the ligaments that stabilize the ankle joint. Plates N516 or TG3-33 through N521 or TG3-37 review the muscles that produce movement at the ankle joint and plates N529 and N530 or TG3-35 and TG3-45 show their tendons crossing the ankle. Plate N515 or TG3-30A and TG3-30B shows the origin and insertion of these muscles.Step 4. Remove the overlying tissue and clean the ligaments of the plantar surface of the foot.
Plate N535 or TG3-51 shows the foot at the end of last dissection. By reflecting quadratus plantae you should reveal the ligaments of the foot (plate N536 or TG3-52). Plate N528 or TG3-61 gives a view with all the interossei muscles removed. The long plantar ligament, short plantar ligament, plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligaments, and tendon of fibularis longus are all labeled in plate N528 or TG3-61A and their attachments are seen in TG3-61C. The head of the talus is not labeled, but traces of it can be seen underneath the spring ligaments in plate N528 or TG3-60. The subtalar articulation (between the talus and the calcaneus) is seen, but not labeled in plate N524 or TG3-60 and N525. The tarsal sinus is labeled in plate N524 or TG3-41 and it contains the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament (TG3-60), which steadies the subtalar articulation. Plate N523 or TG3-61 shows the transverse tarsal joint. The bifurcate ligament is seen in plate N527 or TG3-60. Plates N523 or TG3-40, N524 or TG3-41, N527 or TG3-60, and N528 or TG3-61 review the arches of the foot, its major articulations, and the ligaments that reinforce it.
Updated: 14 November 2011
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