Photographic Architecture in the Twentieth Century
University of Minnesota Press
416 pages, 158 b&w photos, 7 x 10, May 2014
$35.00 paper ISBN 978-0-8166-8335-2
$103.00 cloth ISBN 978-0-8166-8334-5
One hundred years ago, architects found in the medium of photography—so good at representing a building’s lines and planes—a necessary way to promote their practices. It soon became apparent, however, that photography did more than reproduce what it depicted. It altered both subject and reception, as architecture in the twentieth century was enlisted as a form of mass communication.
Claire Zimmerman reveals how photography profoundly influenced architectural design in the past century, playing an instrumental role in the evolution of modern architecture. Her “picture anthropology” demonstrates how buildings changed irrevocably and substantially through their interaction with photography, beginning with the emergence of mass-printed photographically illustrated texts in Germany before World War II and concluding with the postwar age of commercial advertising. In taking up “photographic architecture,” Zimmerman considers two interconnected topics: first, architectural photography and its circulation; and second, the impact of photography on architectural design. She describes how architectural photographic protocols developed in Germany in the early twentieth century, expanded significantly in the wartime and postwar diaspora, and accelerated dramatically with the advent of postmodernism.
In modern architecture, she argues, how buildings looked and how photographs made them look overlapped in consequential ways. In architecture and photography, the modernist concepts that were visible to the largest number over the widest terrain with the greatest clarity carried the day. This richly illustrated work shows, for the first time, how new ideas and new buildings arose from the interplay of photography and architecture—transforming how we see the world and how we act on it.
This book is a wonderful, deeply researched, occasionally irreverent contribution to the English-language scholarship on modern architecture in Germany, with networks extending to the United States and England. An essential demonstration of the complex role(s) played by photography in the development of modern architecture in general that readily translates to other contexts, it will no doubt become a key reference in a scholarly milieu increasingly concerned with the interaction of architecture and media.
— Reinhold Martin, Columbia University
Claire Zimmerman argues that not only did photography become in the twentieth century the principal way through which architecture was made known, but that at the same time photography brought about a shift in the aesthetics of architecture. This is an original and deeply-considered book that sets out a number of new ideas about modern architecture and its relationship to photography.
— Adrian Forty, University College London
About the author
Claire Zimmerman is associate professor of architectural history at the University of Michigan. She is the author of Mies van der Rohe, 1886–1969: The Structure of Space and coeditor of Neo-avant-garde and Postmodern: Postwar Architecture in Britain and Beyond.
Introduction. Beyond Visibility: Modern Architecture in the Photographic Image
I. Architecture after Photography
1. Bildarchitekturen: Architectural Surface, circa 1914
2. Photography into Building: Mies in Barcelona
3. Architectural Abstraction: The Tugendhat Photographs
II. Architects and Architectural Photographs
4. Type-Photo: Architectural Photography in Germany
5. Aura Deferred: Bauhausbauten Dessau
6. The Future in the Present: Erscheinungsform and “The Dwelling,” 1927
7. Promise and Threat: American Photographs in Postwar Germany
8. The Photographic Architecture of Hunstanton School
9. From Photographic Surface to Image Object: James Stirling’s Postmodernism
Conclusion: Surface Divides
University of Minnesota Press