Distribution of surface sources of water is uneven, inadequate in many parts of the country; dependence on groundwater is almost total in regions of arid to semi-arid climate, significant swift in expanding urban areas continued exploitation results in depletion of the resource. Rapid urban sprawl and industrialization accompanied by inadequate waste management strategies lead to environmental degradation. Domestic and industrial effluents released into streams pollute water sources and percolate into the ground; adversely affect the quality of groundwater. The city of Hyderabad, India is tremendous growth in population and industrialization. Industrial pollutants have chemicals like chlorides, sulphates, carbonates etc., makes more conductive compare to unpolluted groundwater. The geochemical methods were used for water quality analysis was carried out for contamination impact on it. Excessive leaching of various chemical components into the groundwater leading to the enrichment of different anions and cations in the areas indicates pollution from extraneous sources. This book is very useful for environmental geochemists and geophysicists.