Naptha, properties, application.
Naphtha is a flammable liquid mixture of hydrocarbons heavier than gasoline obtained by direct distillation of crude oil and gas condensates or cracking of petroleum products.
Other fuels: biodiesel, biofuels, gas oil, oil shale, naphtha, fuel oil, oil, associated petroleum gas, natural gas, landfill gas, shale oil, shale gas, synthesis gas
Naptha (also called naphtha, heavy gasoline or fraction benzidamina) – flammable liquid mixture of hydrocarbonsheavier than gasoline obtained by direct distillation of crude oil and gas condensates or cracking of petroleum products.
It is a transparent yellowish liquid.
Naphtha is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbonsranging from octane С8Н14 to tetradecane С14Н30. It also contains in its composition naphthenic (cycloalkane) and aromatic (arena) hydrocarbons and impurities, including sulfur.
In the Russian language, the names naphtha and naphtha synonyms. In English the concept of naphtha and ligroin different.
In the Russian language sometimes distinguish naphtha “generalist” – all fractions from the bottom range of the gasoline to kerosene (temperature of distillation 30-210 °C), and the “narrow profile”, is divided into easy (distillation at temperatures 30-70 °C), medium (70-125 °C) and severe (125-210 °C) naphtha.
Insoluble in water and immiscible with it. Flammable. Toxic.
|Density at 20 ° C, kg/m3 (depends on the hydrocarbon composition)||from 750 to 860|
|Boiling point, oC||120-240|
|Kinematic viscosity, mm2/s||1,1|
|Cloud point, oC||-60|
|Molecular weight, g/mol||100-215|
|Sulfur content, %%||not more than 0.02|
|Specific heat of combustion, MJ/kg||43,3|
Naphtha is used as fuel for engines (e.g., tractors) and household appliances, as a solvent in the paint industry, as raw material in the chemical and petrochemical industry and also as raw material for further processing into gasoline.
When burning naphtha produced is not carbon black, the product is often used for domestic travel and heating devices, lighting and lighters.
– gas oil,
– oil shale,
– fuel oil,
– associated petroleum gas,
– natural gas,
– landfill gas,
– shale oil,
– shale gas,
– synthesis gas.
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