"Province", "provincial" - these terms can beToday to hear more often as disdainful, characterizing backwardness, non-modernity. But this is not always the case, this term has a long history and its own specific features.
The province in our time is a multi-faceted phenomenon, a full-fledged participant in the processes taking place in society.
Where did the word "province" come from?
In history, this term has appeared since Roman timesAn empire known for its numerous conquests of lands, which were, at times, quite far from Italy. The Latin word provincia consists of two: pro-forward and vincere-give shoots. Those. In relation to the metropolis - Rome, which was represented in the form of a trunk, the Roman provinces were its shoots, which were given the right to live their lives, but they were governed by the governors appointed by Rome, and were subordinated to the Roman emperors.
Later this term began to be used inAdministrative, political and legal practice, acquiring both a geographical meaning, embodied in the borders, and everyday, characterized by a special way of life and way of life, worldview.
In Russian, the term "province" appeared afterAdministrative reforms undertaken by Peter I in 1699. Then, at the time of the formation of the tax system, to facilitate the collection of state taxes and duties, it was decided to divide the territory of Russia into 11 provinces and 49 provinces that replaced the previous division into counties. As a unit of administrative-territorial division of the province existed until 1780, but this word continued to be actively used in the Russian language already to denote a whole cultural and social phenomenon.
The meaning of the word "province"
In his explanatory dictionary, V. Dahl defines this word as a territory - a province, a province, a district and as a life outside the capital, provincials are residents of provincial regions. The explanatory dictionary of the authorship of S. Ozhegov also defines the province as a territory that was removed not only from the capital, but from any other large industrial center.
Gradually the word appeared as a stateTerm, has become one of the most frequently used in everyday, scientific, political, literary, artistic, and journalistic usage. If we consider it from the standpoint of dualism, then this word is a companion for the word "metropolitan," which is opposite to it in meaning. Those. Creativity and vital energy, characteristic of capitals and large centers, are contrasted with the inertia and conservatism of the province. But this word is not at all abusive, it does not contain a negative meaning, since provincialism implies loyalty to traditions, dimensionality, lack of fuss and haste, sincerity and non-corruption.