Anatomy and Physiology 2 Wiley Chapter 18 Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT a function of a hormone?
When a hormone is present in excessive levels, the number of target cell-receptors may decrease. This is called
Differences between endocrine and exocrine glands include
both a and b
Which of the choices below is a type of hormone that acts on neighboring cells without entering the bloodstream?
both 1 and 2
Which of the following is a group of lipid-soluble hormones derived from cholesterol?
A and B
Which of the following is an eicosanoid?
both 1 and 2
An individual with a deficiency in fatty acid intake might have difficulty producing which type of hormones?
Which of the following statements correctly compares water-soluble hormones with lipid-soluble hormones?
only water-soluble hormones use second messengers
when one hormone opposes the actions of another hormone, it is called a(n)
Which of the following is NOT a common method of stimulating hormone secretion from an endocrine cell?
mechanical stretching of the endocrine cell
What controls hormone release from the anterior pituitary gland?
hormones released from the hypothalamus
How are most hormones released?
in short bursts with little or no secretion between bursts
Which of the following anterior pituitary hormones stimulates general body growth?
Which of the following anterior pituitary hormones stimulates milk production?
Which of the following anterior pituitary hormones stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol?
Which of the following anterior pituitary hormones stimulates the gonads to secrete progesterone and/or testosterone?
Which type of anterior pituitary cell secretes melanocytes stimulating hormone (MSH)?
Which of the following pairs of hormones are released by the posterior pituitary gland?
oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
The amount of ADH that is released by the posterior pituitary glands varies with
blood osmotic pressure
In addition to increasing growth of bones and soft tissues, somatotropin
Which of the following hormones opposes the action of parathyroid hormone?
Which of the following statements does NOT describe a step in the synthesis and secretion of T3 and T4?
synthesis of parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid hormone is the major regulator of the plasma concentration of which of the following ions?
Which endocrine gland stores its hormonal product for approximately 100 days?
Which of the following conditions would result from hyposecretion of aldosterone?
Which of the following is NOT a common effect of glucocorticoid stimulation?
increased production of all types of blood cells
Which blood glucose-lowering hormone is produced by the pancreatic islet cells?
Which of the following hormones promotes increases in the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
Which of the following hormones are released in response to decreases in blood glucose concentration?
Which of the following plays key regulatory roles in the body's long-term response to stress?
cortisol, hGH, thyroid hormone
Which of the following is NOT a common response of the body to long-term stress?
increased digestive activities
Which of the labeled endocrine glands secretes hGH, TSH, FSH and other hormones?
Which of the labeled endocrine glands secretes hormones that regulate the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
Which of the following labeled endocrine glands secretes hormones that regulate blood calcium levels?
Which of the labeled endocrine glands secretes steroid hormones in response to long-term stress?
Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland aging effect?
increase in thymus size
Which zone of the adrenal gland secretes aldosterone?
Which zone of the adrenal gland secretes androgens?
Which labeled structure in the diagram secretes glucagon?
Which labeled structure in the diagram secretes a hormone that stimulates events that lower blood glucose concentration?
Which of the following is an incorrect pairing of a body system and an endocrine contribution to that system?
leptin enhances appetite
Which of the following hormones is produced in the zone of the adrenal gland labeled B?
Which of the following describes a function of a hormone produced in the zone of the adrenal gland labeled B?
enables body to resist stressors and also increases blood glucose
Which of the following conditions could potentially result from hyposecretion of a hormone released by the portion of the marked gland in the diaphram?
Identify the stalk-like structure labeled A in the diagram
The endocrine gland shown in the diagram is found in a depression in the sphenoid bone (marked in the diagram) is called the
Which of the following bones (marked in the diagram) contains a depression which houses the endocrine gland shown in the diagram?
Which of the following hormones is produced by the cells marked in the thyroid follicle shown in the histology picture?
What is the major function of the hormone produced by the cells marked in the thyroid follicle shown in the histology picture?
Which of the following diseases results when the cells marked in the histology image are destroyed by the immune system?
type 1 diabetes
What endocrine abnormality does the individual on the left in the picture of identical twins have?
The disorder shown in one of the identical twins seen in this figure is due to a hypersecretion of hormones by which endocrine gland?
The patient shown is suffering from a disease called ___, caused by a pituitary hypersecretion of hGH during adulthood.
Which of the following endocrine disorders is the individual shown in this picture suffering from?
Hypothyroidism during adulthood can produce which of the following disorders?
The following is a possible progression of which of the following disorders: Inadequate dietary iodine intake --> low level of thyroid hormone in blood --> increased TSH secretion --> thyroid gland enlargement.
Which of the following is an abnormal condition of excess androgen secretion, observed primarily in women, that is characterized by the presence of excessive body and facial hair in a male pattern?
A condition characterized by excessive mammary glands in a male is called
Hypersecretion of a hormone by the endocrine gland marked in the diagram results in a type of depression that affects some people during winter months, when the day length is short. This condition is known as
seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
Seasonal affective disorder is due t hypersecretion of which of the following hormones by the endocrine gland marked in the diagram?
Which of the following hormones is produced by the endocrine gland marked in the diagram?
All prostaglandins are derived from a 20-carbon precursor molecule called
Human chorionis gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the
Leptin is a hormone produced by the
The anterior pituitary develops from which of the following germ layers during embyronic development?
The thyroid gland develops from which of the following germ layers during embryonic development?
The adrenal medulla develops from which of the following germ layers during embryonic development?
Endocrine tissues that secrete hormones are derived from
Which of the following glands is NOT an endocrine gland?
Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of an exocrine gland?
its secretory products are carried in body fluids to distant target cells
Since insulin released from the pancreas is carried in the bloodstream to distant target cells, like muscle cells, it is considered to be a(n)
Which of the following is an example of a hormone that is secreted from an endocrine gland in response to a chemical change in the blood?
all of the answer selections are correct
All the following hormones are produced and secreted by the ovaries EXCEPT
Which of the following is a protein hormone produced by the testes that inhibits secretion of follicle stimulating hormone by the anterior pituitary gland?
What is the major function of the hormone produced in the cells marked in the thyroid follicle shown in the histology picture?
Involved in regulation of calcium homeostasis