Every day, we make decisions. Some are small and inconsequential, while others have the potential to impact our lives significantly.
In the fast-paced, ever-changing world we live in, having the ability to make sound decisions is crucial. However, making the right decisions is not always easy.
It requires a clear understanding of the situation, analyzing multiple factors, weighing the pros and cons, and most importantly, critical thinking.
Critical thinking is the objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment. It is a vital skill that involves gathering relevant information, questioning assumptions, breaking down complex problems into manageable parts, and ultimately making a reasoned decision.
By cultivating critical thinking skills, you can enhance your decision-making ability, reduce stress, and bring clarity to your thoughts and actions.
1. Understanding the role of critical thinking in decision making:
Often, the decisions we make are influenced by our emotions, biases, and preconceived beliefs. However, when it comes to decision making, it is crucial to move past these influences and approach the situation objectively.
Critical thinking enables you to examine situations from multiple perspectives, identify potential issues and risks, and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each option.
2. Reducing the impact of cognitive biases:
Our brains are prone to various cognitive biases that can influence our decision making, sometimes without us even realizing it. By developing your critical thinking skills, you can become more aware of these biases and the role they play in your thought process.
By acknowledging and addressing these biases, you can make more informed, objective decisions that lead to better outcomes.
3. Enhancing problem-solving abilities:
Critical thinking goes hand-in-hand with effective problem-solving skills. When faced with complex challenges, critical thinkers are able to break down the problem into smaller, more manageable components.
This process helps to separate relevant information from irrelevant noise, allowing you to focus on the core issues that need to be addressed. Ultimately, this structured approach to problem-solving leads to better decision making.
4. Fostering more efficient decision making:
When faced with tough decisions, it is easy to get overwhelmed and fall into the trap of procrastination or hasty decision making. Critical thinking, however, encourages a systematic approach to evaluating options and making choices.
By considering each option in a methodical manner, you can ensure that no stone is left unturned and that you have weighed the pros and cons of each course of action. This, in turn, leads to more efficient and effective decision making.
5. Enhancing communication skills:
Critical thinking is not a solitary activity. Often, decision making involves collaboration and communication with others. By honing your ability to critically analyze information, you can effectively articulate your thoughts and ideas to others, encouraging a more productive and meaningful dialogue.
In addition, critical thinkers are more likely to seek feedback from others, which can provide invaluable insight and further refine the decision-making process.
Common Pitfalls Of Decision Making Without Critical Thinking
Facing the pressure to make split-second decisions and deliver favorable outcomes, we may forget to engage in the practice of critical thinking, which is crucial to effective decision-making.
So let’s take a moment to uncover the common pitfalls of decision-making without employing critical thinking and learn how to refine our decision-making processes to achieve better results.
1. The Perils of Cognitive Bias:
One of the most significant pitfalls of decision-making without critical thinking is falling victim to cognitive biases. These mental shortcuts can lead to blind spots, influencing our decisions in ways that may not be logical or rational.
One example is confirmation bias, where we only pay attention to information that confirms our pre-existing beliefs, ignoring evidence that disproves them.
This can lead to decisions based on skewed or incomplete data, ultimately causing harm or leading to less-than-optimal outcomes. By actively engaging in critical thinking, we can identify and overcome these biases to make better-informed decisions.
2. Lack of Clarity in Defining the Problem:
Effective decision-making starts with a clear understanding of the problem at hand. Without critical thinking, we may overlook essential aspects of the issue, leading to muddled or misdirected decision-making. Hasty identifications of problems can lead to poorly conceived solutions or even exacerbate the situation.
Critical thinking enables us to clearly and accurately define the problem, helping us establish the best course of action and avoid jumping to conclusions or taking unnecessary risks.
3. The Illusion of Certainty:
In the face of uncertainty or complexity, we may seek comfort in black-and-white thinking or rely on assumptions that deliver a sense of certainty. This quest for certainty can lead us to make quick decisions based on weak evidence, inflexible reasoning, or even arrogance.
Critical thinking skills, however, remind us of the value of skepticism and the importance of questioning our assumptions. By embracing uncertainty and considering multiple perspectives, we can make better decisions instead of relying on the illusion of certainty.
4. The Folly of Groupthink:
Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon where the desire for conformity within a group results in irrational decision-making.
When we neglect critical thinking, group discussions can devolve into echo chambers where dissenting opinions are silenced or ignored. This can lead to overconfident, ill-advised decisions that may not have been subjected to proper scrutiny.
Engaging in critical thinking within a group setting encourages everyone to think independently and contribute unique ideas, making for more thorough and well-considered decisions.
5. Failure to Consider Alternatives:
Without critical thinking, we may only see one possible solution or path forward, limiting our scope of the potential alternatives. We might lean towards the most obvious solution or only consider decisions we have made in the past, ignoring novel and creative solutions.
By engaging in critical thinking, we can expand our horizons – brainstorming, reflecting on pros and cons, and examining the feasibility for several alternatives – leading to better decision-making outcomes.
The Role Of Emotion In Decision Making And How Critical Thinking Can Help
As human beings, we are deeply influenced by our emotions throughout our entire lives. Emotions often steer our motivations, how we perceive situations, and ultimately, the decisions we make.
Although emotions can provide us with valuable insights, they can also cloud our judgment and hinder our ability to make rational decisions.
1. The Impact of Emotions on our Decision-Making Process
Emotions are integral to our daily lives and experiences – both positive and negative emotions have a profound impact on the choices we make. For instance, experiencing fear may influence us to avoid certain risks, while the feeling of joy might encourage us to pursue new opportunities.
However, relying solely on emotions to guide our decisions can sometimes prove disastrous, as it may lead to impulsive or irrational choices. To minimize the potential drawbacks of emotional decision-making, it is essential to develop and practice critical thinking skills.
2. How Emotions can Hinder Decision-Making
It is important to acknowledge that emotions can both improve and impair our decision-making abilities. For instance, emotions can cloud our judgment by introducing cognitive biases that lead to distorted perceptions of the situation at hand.
Examples of such biases include the sunk cost fallacy – the tendency to invest more resources into a failing endeavor due to the costs already incurred – and the optimism bias, which makes people underestimate potential risks and overestimate the likelihood of success when making decisions.
3. Critical Thinking for a Balanced Decision-Making Process
Having established the potential pitfalls of relying solely on emotions in our decision-making process, it becomes imperative that we incorporate critical thinking.
Critical thinking is an intellectual process that requires objective analysis, evaluation, and interpretation of available information before making a decision.
By actively engaging in critical thinking, one can rise above emotional impulses and approach decisions with a deeper understanding and appreciation of all relevant factors.
4. Practical Tips for Integrating Critical Thinking into Decision-Making
There are several techniques that can be employed to help integrate critical thinking into your daily decision-making process:
Identify and challenge cognitive biases: Becoming aware of your natural biases can help you compensate for them, and consciously seek information that challenges your existing beliefs.
Practice active listening and engage in open-minded discussions: When making decisions in a group, actively listen to others, and be open to considering alternative perspectives.
Use structured decision-making tools: Tools such as decision matrices, risk assessments, and cost-benefit analyses can assist in bringing a more systematic and objective approach to your decision-making.
Engage in reflective thinking and outcome reviews: Regularly review the results of your decisions to identify patterns, improvement opportunities, and areas where emotions may have clouded your judgment.
5. Finding the Optimal Balance between Emotion and Critical Thinking
It is essential to recognize that both emotions and critical thinking contribute valuable insights to the decision-making process. Emotions can guide our intuition, allowing us to make decisions quickly, while critical thinking offers a more structured and objective approach.
The challenge, therefore, is finding the optimal balance between these two decision-making strategies. When making decisions, it is crucial to be aware of the influence of emotions while utilizing critical thinking to assess the situation objectively.
The Link Between Critical Thinking And Problem Solving In Decision Making
Critical thinking helps to inform decisions by looking at all aspects of a situation from multiple angles. It enables us to identify patterns, draw conclusions based on evidence, think deeper than surface level reactions and reactions based on assumptions or biases.
The goal of critical thinking is to ensure that all relevant information related to a particular decision has been taken into account before coming to a conclusion. In this way, it serves as the foundation for decision making by providing essential information and data needed for the decision-making process.
Problem Solving as an Essential Step in Decision Making
Once we have gathered all the necessary information through critical thinking, it is time to start problem solving.
Problem solving involves analyzing data points from our research and utilizing logic and creativity to come up with potential solutions or outcomes. This step identifies potential risks associated with each solution so that they can be weighed against each other as part of the decision-making process.
By breaking down problems into smaller parts and using logical reasoning, we can make sure that every angle has been explored before deciding which option best suits our needs.
By combining both critical thinking and problem solving when making decisions, we can ensure that all available options are considered before making any final choices. This ensures that decisions are made with the most accurate information possible while considering any potential risks associated with each option before committing to one outcome over another.
The Importance Of Asking The Right Questions In Critical Thinking And Decision Making
In the complex landscape of today’s professional world, success often hinges on the ability to think critically and make informed decisions. At the heart of these two essential skills lies a simple yet potent tool: asking the right questions.
Asking the right questions is a foundational aspect of critical thinking. When you pose effective questions, you are encouraging meaningful analysis and reflection, which can help reveal underlying assumptions, evaluate evidence, and identify potential gaps or inconsistencies in reasoning.
With the aid of probing inquiries, you can better discern the quality of arguments, challenge the status quo, and thus drive both personal and organizational growth. In short, the art of questioning enables you to navigate complex situations confidently and make judicious decisions.
In decision-making situations, eliciting the right questions can be a powerful catalyst for constructive debate and collaboration, ultimately leading to better outcomes. By posing insightful questions, you stimulate thoughtful discussions that can uncover crucial information, clarify goals and priorities, and ultimately strengthen the overall decision-making process.
Additionally, effective questioning fosters a culture of openness and transparency, encouraging individuals to share their perspectives, knowledge, and expertise. This collaborative approach to decision-making promotes diversity of thought, reduces groupthink, and helps to ensure that all angles are considered before taking action.
To hone the skill of asking the right questions, begin by embracing a curious and open mindset. Recognize that you don’t have all the answers and that your understanding of a situation will always be limited.
Approaching challenges with humility and curiosity fosters a willingness to challenge assumptions and explore new ideas. Cultivate an environment in which questions are welcomed and encouraged, where you and your team members feel safe to ask “why” and “how” without fear of judgment or repercussions.
Focus on crafting open-ended questions that elicit thoughtful responses and stimulate discussions, rather than asking close-ended questions that only call for short, definitive answers.
For example, instead of asking “Did the project meet its objectives?”, consider asking “What aspects of the project were the most successful, and which areas could be improved in the future?” By phrasing your questions this way, you invite deeper analysis, reflection, and more productive conversations.
Master the art of active listening as you engage in questioning. Fully focus on the speaker, process their words, and reflect upon the information being shared. Demonstrate your interest in the conversation by nodding, making eye contact, and offering verbal affirmations.
Prompt further elaboration by asking open-ended follow-up questions and encouraging elaboration when necessary. Remember that active listening is a crucial aspect of the questioning process and plays a significant role in fostering trust, understanding, and collaboration amongst your team.
The Impact Of Cognitive Biases On Decision Making And The Role Of Critical Thinking In Overcoming Them
Cognitive biases are innate tendencies that people have to make decisions based on emotion or preconceived notions rather than facts.
They can have a powerful impact on decision-making, both in personal and professional settings. Fortunately, there is a way to overcome these biases through the use of critical thinking.
The Role of Cognitive Biases in Decision Making
Cognitive biases are caused by the way our brains process information. We tend to make decisions based on what we already know and what we expect to happen, rather than considering all possible options objectively. This can lead to poor decision making, as our opinions may be skewed by our own bias or that of others.
For example, consider a person who makes an investment decision based solely on past performance without considering any other factors such as current market conditions or potential future risks.
This kind of decision-making is often caused by cognitive bias, as the investor has formed an opinion based on incomplete information and their own preconceptions about investing.
How Critical Thinking Helps Overcome Cognitive Bias
Critical thinking is a tool used to analyze facts and come to rational conclusions without being influenced by your emotions or preconceived notions. It involves breaking down a problem into its component parts and examining them individually in order to understand the whole picture before making any judgments or decisions.
This type of analysis helps eliminate cognitive bias from decision-making processes because it ensures that all relevant information is taken into account before arriving at a conclusion.
When applying critical thinking skills, it is important to remain objective and consider different perspectives in order to avoid falling prey to cognitive bias during the decision-making process.
Additionally, it’s important to always question assumptions and seek out additional data whenever possible in order to ensure that you are making informed decisions with accurate information.
The Intersection Of Critical Thinking, Decision Making, And Risk Management
In the business world, making decisions can be a challenge. Effective decision-making requires critical thinking skills to help weigh the risks and benefits of any given option. Risk management is the process of recognizing, assessing, and mitigating risks associated with any given action or decision taken by an organization.
It’s important to understand how these two elements intersect in order to make sound decisions that will benefit your business. Let’s take a look at how critical thinking and risk management are related.
The Role of Critical Thinking in Risk Management
Critical thinking plays an important role in risk management because it provides structure for analyzing the potential threats and opportunities associated with any given situation or decision.
By breaking down complex issues into smaller, more manageable parts, critical thinking helps identify potential problems before they arise so that proactive steps can be taken to avoid them altogether.
Additionally, critical thinking helps assess whether certain risks are worth taking or whether they should be avoided altogether.
When it comes to making decisions, critical thinking also helps you evaluate possible outcomes and determine which one is most likely to happen based on past experience and data-driven analysis.
This type of deep analysis allows you to make better informed decisions that have been thoughtfully considered from all angles.
The Benefits of Combining Critical Thinking & Risk Management
The combination of critical thinking and risk management can provide organizations with the tools they need to make sound decisions when faced with challenging scenarios. By using a systematic approach to analyze potential risks, organizations can develop comprehensive strategies for mitigating those risks while still achieving their desired objectives.
Additionally, combining these two elements can help organizations become more efficient as well as increase their profitability by reducing unexpected losses due to poor decision-making or lack of foresight.
The Impact Of Technology On Critical Thinking And Decision Making
In today’s rapidly evolving technological landscape, it is essential for individuals and organizations to understand the impact of technology on critical thinking and decision making.
As our lives become increasingly intertwined with technology, it is vital to consider how this reliance on digital tools and information can impact our ability to make sound decisions and think critically about the world around us.
1. The double-edged sword of instant access to information
With the advent of the internet and the widespread use of smartphones, we have access to a virtually unlimited amount of data at our fingertips. While this can empower us to make better decisions based on facts and evidence, it can also lead to an over-reliance on technology and a diminished ability to think critically.
The constant bombardment of information through various digital channels can lead to cognitive overload, making it difficult for individuals to effectively analyze and evaluate data.
As a result, it becomes increasingly important to practice digital discernment and develop skills for efficiently sifting through the vast amounts of information available to us.
2. Social media and the fragmentation of critical thinking
The ubiquity of social media platforms presents both opportunities and challenges when it comes to critical thinking and decision making. On one hand, social media can provide a diverse array of perspectives and opinions, which can help develop critical thinking skills.
However, the rapid, interactive nature of online discourse can lead to shallow thought processes and quick, emotion-driven judgments.
Additionally, the echo chamber effect, where individuals are exposed primarily to information and opinions that reinforce their existing beliefs, can further hinder critical thinking and result in polarized, simplistic, and confirmation-biased decision making.
3. The rise of big data and artificial intelligence: empowering or displacing human thought?
The ever-growing capabilities of big data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) play an increasingly significant role in shaping our decision-making processes. While AI-enhanced tools can help process vast amounts of data and present insightful, data-driven recommendations, they can also give rise to concerns about the potential loss of human involvement in decision making.
The increased reliance on technology may lead to complacency and a diminished ability to think independently and critically. As such, striking a balance between harnessing the power of AI and maintaining a healthy level of human input and oversight becomes crucial for effective and responsible decision making.
4. Developing digital literacy and critical thinking in education
As technology becomes further integrated into our lives, it is essential to ensure that education systems prepare students for the cognitive challenges posed by the digital revolution.
Educators must prioritize digital literacy, emphasizing the development of critical thinking skills and discernment when engaging with online information.
By fostering a culture of inquiry, skepticism, and reflection in conjunction with digital learning tools, educators can empower students to navigate the digital world thoughtfully and responsibly.
5. Strategies for promoting critical thinking and enlightened decision-making in the digital age
In order to address the impact of technology on our cognitive abilities, it is important to actively cultivate critical thinking skills and implement strategies to enhance decision making.
These strategies can include: adopting a growth mindset, encouraging open-mindedness and intellectual humility, engaging in regular debate and constructive discussion, setting aside time for reflection and deliberation, as well as continuously seeking to expand one’s knowledge and understanding of the world.
Furthermore, individuals and organizations must promote responsible use of technology, being constantly aware of its potential drawbacks and incorporating human insight into decision-making processes.
The Connection Between Critical Thinking, Ethics, And Decision Making
In today’s fast-paced world, professionals are constantly bombarded with the need to make critical decisions in both their personal and work lives. The ability to effectively navigate through these decisions heavily relies on critical thinking and ethical principles.
1. The Fundamental Role of Critical Thinking:
Critical thinking is a highly valuable skill that enables individuals to objectively evaluate information, consider alternative perspectives, and ultimately make well-informed decisions.
This mental process requires an individual to actively engage with the information at hand, utilizing logic, reasoning, and analysis to dissect complex issues and assess the validity of various arguments.
By developing and honing critical thinking skills, individuals can more effectively navigate the intricate and potentially challenging world of decision making.
2. The Significance of Ethics in Decision Making:
Ethics play an integral role in the decision-making process, as they form the basis of our moral principles and provide a framework to distinguish between right and wrong.
Often, the choices we face within our personal and professional lives are intimately tied to ethical considerations, forcing us to weigh the potential consequences of our actions on ourselves, others, and the broader environment.
By developing a strong ethical foundation, individuals can more confidently approach and resolve ethical dilemmas, ensuring their decisions align with their core values and moral principles.
3. Linking Critical Thinking and Ethics:
The connection between critical thinking and ethics within the context of decision making is unmistakable. When faced with a decision, critical thinking informs and guides the ethical aspects of the process by helping to identify and assess the relevant moral principles, values, and potential consequences.
Through the application of reasoning, logic, and analysis, critical thinking allows individuals to thoroughly evaluate ethical dilemmas and make informed decisions rooted in their personal ethical principles.
4. Strategies to Enhance Critical Thinking and Ethical Decision Making:
To strengthen the connection between critical thinking, ethics, and decision making, individuals can adopt various strategies and techniques aimed at developing these essential skills.
Some effective methods include engaging in open discussions and debates, exposing oneself to diverse perspectives and opinions, practicing self-reflection, and applying ethical frameworks or theories within the context of decision making.
By regularly challenging one’s thought processes and critically examining one’s beliefs and assumptions, individuals can refine their thinking abilities and more adeptly approach ethical dilemmas.
5. The Importance of Fostering Critical Thinking and Ethics in the Workplace:
In a professional setting, the ability to make well-informed, ethical decisions can have profound effects on an organization’s success and reputation. Employers and employees alike should be encouraged to incorporate critical thinking and ethical principles into their decision-making procedures.
By cultivating a culture of critical thinking and ethical behavior within the workplace, organizations can foster more transparent, open communication channels, promote teamwork, and ultimately strengthen their decision-making capabilities.
How To Create A Culture Of Critical Thinking For Better Decision Making Across An Organization
In today’s rapidly changing business landscape, organizations must prioritize effective decision-making that adapts to new information, challenges, and opportunities. One key approach to achieving this is by fostering a culture of critical thinking throughout the organization.
This not only ensures that decisions are rooted in thorough analysis and reasoning but also empowers employees to contribute actively and confidently to the organization’s success.
Creating a culture of critical thinking is not an overnight process, but with intentional efforts and consistent reinforcement, a company can cultivate an environment where employees are more adept at making better-informed decisions.
1. Encourage diversity and inclusion.
A healthy critical thinking environment values the benefits of different perspectives and experiences. Building diverse teams and fostering inclusivity helps to prevent groupthink, which can stifle creativity and hinder objective analysis.
Additionally, organizations should consider implementing measures such as anonymous brainstorming and suggestion tools to encourage input from all team members, regardless of their position or tenure.
2. Create a safe space for open dialogue and constructive criticism.
For critical thinking to thrive, it’s essential to develop an environment where employees feel comfortable expressing their opinions and ideas without fear of negative consequences. Encourage open dialogue, and actively solicit constructive feedback from all team members.
When conflicts arise, focus on resolving them professionally and amicably, ensuring that all parties understand that the ultimate goal is to find the best solution for the organization.
3. Provide training and resources for critical thinking development.
Establishing a culture of critical thinking means investing in your team members’ continuous improvement. Offer training programs and workshops that focus on problem-solving, creative thinking, and decision-making techniques.
Share relevant articles, case studies, and resources from industry-leading experts that promote reflective thinking and learning. By investing in the personal and professional growth of your employees, you’ll set a foundation for critical thinking that permeates the organization.
4. Model critical thinking behavior from the top down.
Leadership plays a crucial role in setting the tone for a culture of critical thinking. Leaders should consistently demonstrate critical thinking in their decision-making process by exhibiting transparency, engaging in data-driven analysis, and valuing diverse perspectives.
This includes openly weighing the pros and cons of potential decisions, seeking input from team members, and being willing to change direction based on new information or insights. By modeling this behavior, leaders will subconsciously signal to the team the importance of critical thinking, in turn fostering a culture that promotes it.
5. Embed critical thinking into organizational processes.
To truly create a culture of critical thinking, it should be a natural and essential part of everyday processes, rather than an isolated training event or sporadic initiative. Continuous improvement processes such as Six Sigma or Lean methodologies can be an effective way to systematize critical thinking, analysis, and evaluation across teams.
Additionally, incorporate critical thinking checkpoints in project management stages and decision-making protocols to ensure that it is a central component of your organization’s operations.
Common Misconceptions About Critical Thinking And Decision Making
Critical thinking and decision-making are crucial elements of success in today’s increasingly complex and competitive world. Despite their importance, there are a number of commonly held misconceptions regarding these processes.
1. Critical thinking and decision making are innate abilities
One of the most common misconceptions surrounding critical thinking and decision making is the belief that some people are simply born with these abilities, while others are not. In reality, both skills can be developed and honed by anyone through practice, study, and experience.
Although individuals might exhibit varying degrees of innate cognitive faculties, critical thinking and decision making are dynamic skills, and can be improved upon throughout life. Embracing this understanding encourages a growth mindset and fosters resilience in the face of challenges.
2. Emotions have no place in critical thinking and decision making
Another common myth related to critical thinking and decision making is that emotions should be entirely excluded from the process. While it is undoubtedly important to employ logical reasoning and avoid allowing emotions to dictate decisions, it is crucial to recognize that emotions can also provide valuable information.
Emotional intelligence plays a significant role in comprehending and responding to the emotions of others, and ultimately contributes to effective decision making. By cultivating the ability to assess and manage emotions in ourselves and others, we can make better-informed decisions and think more critically.
3. Critical thinking means being critical of everything
Some individuals mistakenly believe that to be a critical thinker, it is necessary to criticize or be skeptical of all information, ideas, and opinions presented. In truth, effective critical thinking involves evaluating information objectively and considering multiple perspectives, as opposed to simply focusing on the negative aspects of a given topic.
One should be able to differentiate between constructive and destructive criticism, and understand when it is more suitable to engage in the former, as opposed to the latter.
4. Decision making is only about choosing the best option
There is a prevalent belief that decision making merely involves selecting the most optimal option. While doing so is indeed an essential component, decision making is, in fact, a multifaceted process that includes elements such as identifying decision criteria, gathering relevant information, evaluating the available options, and implementing and monitoring the chosen course of action.
This broader understanding of decision making allows for a more nuanced and effective approach when confronted with complex and nuanced situations.
5. More information leads to better decisions
In the age of information overload, it may seem logical that possessing more information would lead to better decisions. However, this is not always the case. It is critical to strike a balance between information gathering and decision making, as endless information collection can lead to analysis paralysis, causing delays and inhibiting the ability to make a decision altogether.
Learning to efficiently filter and prioritize relevant information is an essential element of effective decision making, and the key to success in today’s world.
It is clear that critical thinking is a vital part of good decision-making. It allows people to weigh the pros and cons of different options before deciding on the best course of action.
Additionally, it allows people to consider all potential outcomes in order to make well-informed decisions. Moreover, proper critical thinking can help navigate around potential pitfalls during the decision making process such as emotional response or cognitive bias.
Furthermore, when it comes to risk management, problem solving and critical thinking can be very beneficial in ensuring sound decision making for the future.
Finally, due to increased emphasis on ethics and technology today, it is now more important than ever before to ensure that strong critical thinking processes are employed while making decisions.
Indeed, by deepening our understanding of how these processes weave together we can develop better skills for critical decision making.