€740m telescope ready to start mapping Milky WayTuesday 29 July 2014 23.22
A telescope which cost almost three-quarters of a billion euro and is designed to provide the most detailed map yet of the Milky Way has overcome its teething problems and is ready to start work.
The European Space Agency said, "following extensive in-orbit commissioning and several unexpected challenges... Gaia is now ready to begin its science mission."
Launched on 19 December, the €740m device is the most advanced space telescope ever built by Europe.
It seeks to compile an "astronomical census" of around a billion stars, repeatedly observing them from the so-called Lagrange point L2, a position 1.5m kilometres from Earth.
Data on the distance, speed, direction and motion of these stars will help astronomers build an unprecedented 3D map of our section of the galaxy, ESA hopes.
Gaia's commissioning phase was supposed to last only four months, but engineers ran into problems as they prepared the gadget for its five-year mission.
One issue arose due to water that may have been trapped in the telescope before launch and which froze on some parts of the optics, affecting visibility.
This has been fixed by heating the optics to remove the ice.
Another problem has been caused by "stray light" from the Sun that finds its way past Gaia's sunshield.
This hitch will affect Gaia's ability to detect very faint stars but not its ability to spot brighter ones, ESA said.
"The commissioning phase has been challenging... but all in all Gaia is in good shape to fulfil its promise - all of the core scientific goals are still achievable, as hoped," Gaia scientist Timo Prusti said.
An intermediate library of data will be released to scientists and the public in mid-2016, somewhat later than expected, he said.
"However, if rapidly-changing objects such as supernovas are detected, open alerts will be made as soon as possible - a service we hope to have up and running before the end of this year."